酶提法在元素提取前处理中的应用进展

Progress in the application of enzymatic extraction in the pretreatment of element extraction

中文关键词:  酶  综述  元素  前处理技术  应用

英文关键词:enzymes  enzymatic extraction  elements  pretreatment  application

中文摘要:

      近年来, 随着对健康的重视及环境保护意识的日益增强, 人们逐渐深入探索食品、药品中元素的总量与形态, 并提出了更为严苛且全面的要求。传统的提取方法虽然在一定程度上能够满足分析的需求, 但往往伴随着各种问题。因此, 探索更为绿色、高效、环保的元素提取技术成为了重中之重。然而, 酶作为一种生物催化剂, 凭借其特异性高、反应条件温和、环境友好等独特优势, 在元素提取领域的应用日益受到重视。酶提法是利用酶的生化作用破坏样品结构, 将其中的大分子断裂为氨基酸, 从而提取出金属元素的一种方法。文章综述了酶在谷类食品、蔬菜、中药、海产品和饲料中元素提取的应用, 并对不同基质适用的酶及酶提法的优缺点进行论述, 以更好地了解酶与不同样品的适配性, 为今后酶提法在不同物质中提取元素总量及形态的应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on health and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, people have gradually explored and put forward more stringent and comprehensive requirements in the analysis of the total amount and form of elements in food and medicine. Although traditional extraction methods can meet the needs of analysis to a certain extent, they often accompanied by various problems. Therefore, exploring more green, efficient and environmentally friendly element extraction technology has become an important thing. As a biocatalyst, enzyme has attracted increasing attention in the field of element extraction because of its unique advantages, such as high specificity, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Enzymatic extraction is a method that using the biochemical action of enzymes to destroy the structure of the sample and breaking the macromolecules into amino acids, so as to extract metal elements. This paper reviewed the application of enzymes in the extraction of elements in cereal foods, vegetables, traditional Chinese medicine, seafood and feed, and discussed which enzymes are suitable for different matrices, the advantages and disadvantages of enzymatic extraction methods, so as to better understand the compatibility of enzymes with different samples. It provides a reference for the future use of enzymatic extraction in the total amount and form of elements in different substances.