食用菌中农药残留检测的基质效应及其补偿

Matrix effect and its compensation of pesticide residue detection in edible fungi

中文关键词:  食用菌样品  农药残留检测  基质效应  内源性因素  外源性因素  补偿策略

英文关键词:Edible fungus samples  detection of pesticide residues  matrix effect  endogenous factors  exogenous factors  compensation strategy

中文摘要:

      食用菌中农药残留检出率高达38.7%,其准确检测技术对保障消费者健康及生态环境至关重要。尽管色谱、质谱等精密仪器的灵敏度和特异性好,但是目标农药分子的结构及性质、食用菌的基质组成及浓度、仪器及方法本身的特点都会产生严重的基质效应,大大降低食用菌样品中农药残留的检测准确性。本文将这些影响因素分为内源性和外源性两大类,分别阐述了各自的影响机制和补偿策略。内源性因素主要包括目标农药自身结构性质及食用菌样品中的蛋白质、脂肪、酚类物质等营养成分产生的干扰,可采用基质净化等方法进行补偿；外源性因素主要来自样品制备过程引入或检测系统中存在的聚合物残留物、离子对试剂、有机酸等成分的干扰,可采用内标法、分析物保护剂法等策略进行补偿。通过对基质效应的产生及补偿进行综述,以期为食用菌农药残留准确检测方法的开发提供参考。

英文摘要:

      The detection rate of pesticide residues in edible fungi is as high as 38.7 %, and its accurate detection technology is very important to protect consumer health and ecological environment. Although the sensitivity and specificity of precision instruments such as chromatography and mass spectrometry are good, the structure and properties of the target pesticide molecules, the matrix composition and concentration of edible fungi, and the characteristics of the instrument and the method itself will produce serious matrix effects, which greatly reduces the detection accuracy of pesticide residues in edible fungi samples. This paper divides these influencing factors into two categories : endogenous and exogenous, and expounds their respective influencing mechanisms and compensation strategies. Endogenous factors mainly include the structural properties of the target pesticide itself and the interference of nutrients such as protein, fat and phenolic substances in edible fungi samples, which can be compensated by matrix purification method. Exogenous factors mainly come from the interference of polymer residues, ions on reagents, organic acids and other components introduced in the sample preparation process or in the detection system, which can be compensated by internal standard method, analyte protectant method and other strategies. The production and compensation methods of matrix effect are reviewed in this paper, which provides reference for the development of accurate method for detection of pesticide residues in edible fungi.