自然生长周期小龙虾与短周期养殖小龙虾蛋白质组差异分析

Differential proteomics analysis of crayfish from natural growth cycle and short cycle culture

中文关键词:  小龙虾  短周期养殖  自然生长周期  蛋白质组学

英文关键词:crayfish  short cycle culture  natural growth cycle  proteomic

中文摘要:

      目的 研究自然生长周期小龙虾与短周期养殖小龙虾样品之间所存在的蛋白质组分差异，以及差异表达蛋白行使的功能。方法 采集自然生长周期的小龙虾样品以及高蛋白饲料养殖的短周期养殖小龙虾样品，利用高分辨质谱非标记定量蛋白质组学技术进行蛋白质组分析，样品经两两比较后得到差异表达蛋白，并进行基因本体论（Gene Ontology，GO）、京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes，KEGG）分析。结果 样品共定量到3071个蛋白质，样品经两两比较，差异表达蛋白质的数量分别为57、138、143个，短周期养殖小龙虾与自然生长周期小龙虾间蛋白差异更为明显，经GO注释和KEGG通路分析，结果显示差异蛋白主要参与在代谢过程、多细胞生物过程、刺激反应等过程中，同时特异性表达蛋白主要具有约束、调节分子功能、结构分子活性等功能，并主要富集在代谢途径、疾病、内质网中蛋白质加工等相关通路中，其中显著差异蛋白戊二酰辅酶A脱氢酶、肌钙蛋白、肌球蛋白重链激酶、酚氧化酶激活因子2等与肌肉的颜色、稳定性以及嫩度、新鲜度、肌纤维特性、肉质等密切相关。结论 本研究得出的部分差异蛋白与肌肉颜色、嫩度等品质指标密切相关，为阐明自然生长周期小龙虾与短周期养殖小龙虾肌肉的品质形成机制奠定基础，为后续加工方法的选择提供依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the difference of protein components and the functions of differentially expressed proteins between the natural growth cycle and the short cycle culture crawfish samples. Methods Samples of natural growth cycle and short cycle culture crayfish were collected and analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) labelfree quantitative proteomics technology, the differentially expressed proteins were obtained from the pin-to-pair comparison, and the genomes were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG). Results The results showed that there were 3071 proteins in three groups, and 57, 138, 143 proteins were differentially expressed after pairwise comparison, the protein difference between short cycle culture and natural growth cycle was more obvious. Through GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis, the results showed that differential proteins were mainly involved in metabolic processes, multicellular biological processes, and stimulation responses, while specific expression proteins were mainly involved in regulating molecular functions and structural molecular activity, and were mainly concentrated in metabolic pathways, diseases, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and other related pathways. Glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase, troponin, myosin heavy chain kinase and phenoloxidase activator 2 were closely related to muscle color, stability, tenderness, freshness, muscle fiber characteristics and meat quality. Conclusion The differentially abundant proteins derived from this study are closely related to muscle color, tenderness and other quality indexes, which lays the foundation for elucidating the muscle quality formation cultured in natural growth cycle crayfish and short cycle cultured crayfish, and provided a basis for the selection of subsequent processing methods.