贵阳地区菜籽油制油小作坊塑化剂迁移规律研究及储存条件对其的影响

Study on the migration pattern and storage impact of plasticizers in small rapeseed oil production workshops in Guiyang area

中文关键词:  菜籽油  塑化剂  加工储存  迁移

英文关键词:rapeseed oil  plasticizers  processing and storage  migration

中文摘要:

      目的 研究贵阳地区菜籽油制油小作坊中原料、油渣、毛油和成品油的塑化剂含量及其迁移规律, 并研究不同储存条件对塑料瓶装菜籽油中塑化剂迁移和变化的影响。方法 采用试验分析法对贵阳地区菜籽油制油小作坊的原料、油渣、毛油和成品油进行塑化剂含量监测。通过对比不同阶段的塑化剂含量变化, 研究塑化剂在制油过程中的迁移规律。同时, 设置不同储存温度、时间和光照条件, 对聚乙烯(polyethylene, PE)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)两种塑料瓶装菜籽油进行储存试验, 分析储存条件对塑化剂迁移和变化的影响。结果 共检出邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(butyl benzyl phthalate, BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate, DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯[di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP]、邻苯二甲酸二己酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二(2-甲氧基)乙酯6种塑化剂, 菜籽原料部分受到塑化剂的污染, 但风险较低; 成品油存在塑化剂超标风险, 不合格率为15.63%, 4个样品DBP不合格, 两个样品DEHP不合格, 成品油中塑化剂平均含量会随着加工和储存过程而逐渐增加; 在储存试验中, 光照对塑化剂的迁移影响不大, 而储存时间和温度是影响塑化剂迁移的主要因素。随着储存时间和温度的增加, 瓶装菜籽油中塑化剂的含量呈增加趋势, 尤其在储存时间达90 d、温度大于35℃时, 塑化剂含量增加明显。主要迁移的塑化剂种类为DBP和DEHP。PE材质储存菜籽油塑化剂的迁移量普遍大于PET材质, 虽然所有样品的塑化剂迁移量均满足国标要求, 但PE瓶装菜籽油中DBP含量已接近规定限量值, 存在一定风险。结论 贵阳地区菜籽油制油小作坊在制油过程中存在塑化剂迁移现象, 且成品油存在塑化剂超标风险。不同储存条件对塑料瓶装菜籽油中塑化剂的迁移和变化具有显著影响。因此, 为确保菜籽油的质量安全, 消费者、生产企业和监管部门需密切关注塑化剂问题, 并采取有效措施加以控制。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the plasticizer content and migration patterns of raw materials, oil residue, crude oil, and finished oil in small workshops for rapeseed oil production in Guiyang area, and investigate the effects of different storage conditions on the migration and changes of plasticizers in plastic bottled rapeseed oil. Method Experimental analysis was used to monitor the plasticizer content in the raw materials, oil residue, crude oil, and finished oil of the rapeseed oil production workshop in Guiyang area. By comparing the changes in plasticizer content at different stages, study the migration law of plasticizers in the oil production process. At the same time, different storage temperatures, times, and lighting conditions were set to conduct storage experiments on two plastic bottled rapeseed oils, polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), to analyze the effects of storage conditions on plasticizer migration and changes. Result Six plasticizers were detected, including butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di butyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dihexyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, and di (2-methoxy) ethyl phthalate. Some rapeseed raw materials were contaminated by plasticizers, but the risk was relatively low; there was a risk of plasticizer exceeding the standard in finished oil, with a failure rate of 15.63%. Four samples had failed DBP and two samples had failed DEHP. The average content of plasticizers in finished oil will gradually increased with the processing and storage process. In storage experiments, light had little effect on the migration of plasticizers, while storage time and temperature were the main factors affecting the migration of plasticizers. With the increase of storage time and temperature, the content of plasticizers in bottled rapeseed oil showed an increasing trend, especially when the storage time reached 90 days and the temperature was greater than 35℃, the content of plasticizers increased significantly. The main types of plasticizers that migrate were DBP and DEHP. The migration amount of plasticizers stored in PE material for rapeseed oil was generally greater than that of PET material. Although the migration amount of plasticizers in all samples meeted the national standard requirements, the DBP content in PE bottled rapeseed oil was close to the specified limit value, which poses certain risks. Conclusion There is a phenomenon of plasticizer migration in rapeseed oil production workshops in Guiyang area, and there is a risk of plasticizer exceeding the standard in finished oil. Different storage conditions have a significant impact on the migration and changes of plasticizers in plastic bottled rapeseed oil. Therefore, to ensure the quality and safety of rapeseed oil, consumers, production enterprises, and regulatory authorities need to closely monitor the issue of plasticizers and take effective measures to control it.