江汉平原不同养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉中脂肪特征分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of fatty in the muscle of Procambarus clarkia under different farming modes in Jianghan Plain

中文关键词:  克氏原螯虾  养殖模式  脂肪酸

英文关键词:Procambarus clarkia  culture modes  fatty acid

中文摘要:

      目的 进一步挖掘和评价江汉平原不同养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉脂肪特征及差异。方法 利用索式抽提法和气相色谱法分别测定不同养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉中脂肪的组成及其含量。结果 江汉平原不同养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉中脂肪含量平均值仅为1.070%(以干基计), 3种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉中脂肪平均含量为: 虾稻共作(1.037%)<虾稻连作(1.057%)<精养池(1.214%), 虾稻模式与精养池养殖模式呈显著差异(P<0.05)。肌肉组织中测出37种脂肪酸, 其中26种脂肪酸呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。3种养殖模式下脂肪酸组成均呈现: ∑多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA)>∑饱和脂肪酸(saturate fatty acids, SFA)>∑单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA), 不饱和脂肪酸总量占脂肪酸总量呈现: 虾稻共作(76.7%)>虾稻连作(76.1%)>精养池(75.4%), 且虾稻共作、虾稻连作和精养池养殖模式下不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为227.249、231.698和248.526 mg/100 g, 饱和脂肪酸含量分别为68.962、72.613和81.114 mg/100 g。结论 3种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾脂肪酸品质均表现优良, 符合健康膳食的要求, 总体上看, 虾稻共作养殖模式下脂肪特征要优于虾稻连作和精养池养殖模式, 虾稻共作养殖模式具有较高的推广应用潜力。

英文摘要:

      Objective To further explore and evaluate the fat characteristics of Procambarus clarkia under different cultivation modes in the Jianghan Plain. Methods The composition and content of fatty in muscles were analyzed using Soxhlet extraction and gas chromatography method. Results The average fat content in the muscle of Procambarus clarkia was only 1.070% (on a dry basis), and the fat content of 3 kinds of aquaculture modes were shrimp rice co-cultivation (1.037%)∑saturate fatty acids (SFA)>∑monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and the proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids were as follows: Shrimp rice co-cultivation (76.7%)>shrimp rice continuous cultivation (76.1%)>intensive pond cultivation (75.4%). The unsaturated fatty acid content under shrimp rice intercropping, shrimp rice continuous cropping, and intensive pond farming modes were 227.249, 231.698, and 248.526 mg/100 g, and the saturated fatty acid content was 68.962, 72.613 and 81.114 mg/100 g, respectively. Conclusion The fatty acid quality of Procambarus clarkia under 3 kinds of cultivation modes is excellent, meeting the requirements of a healthy diet. Moreover, the shrimp rice co-cultivation cultivation mode is superior to the others, and has high potential for promotion and application combining factors such as resources complementary of shrimp and rice and economic benefits.