不同生长发育阶段紫芝营养成分含量的研究

Study on different growth stages on nutrient content of Ganoderma sinense

中文关键词:  不同生长阶段紫芝  冷冻干燥  营养成分  抗氧化活性

英文关键词:different growth stages of Ganoderma sinense  freeze-drying  nutritional composition

中文摘要:

      目的 研究不同生长发育期紫芝的营养成分含量。方法 采收幼菇期、快收边、收边、灰底、开始喷粉阶段的新鲜紫芝子实体, 分别进行冷冻干燥, 对比分析其营养成分含量, 并与热风干燥成熟期紫芝、赤芝的营养成分含量进行比较分析。结果 从干燥方式对营养成分含量的影响分析: 冻干紫芝的蛋白质、粗纤维、总三萜、锌的含量分别为12.7%~16.6%、57.2%~59.9%、0.829%~1.050%、26.7~33.2 mg/kg, 明显高于热风干燥成熟期的紫芝和赤芝。从紫芝不同生长发育阶段的营养成分含量分析: 幼菇阶段冻干紫芝的总糖、蛋白质、总氨基酸、铁、锌含量最高, 分别为8.217%、16.6%、14.63%、205.0 mg/kg、33.2 mg/kg; 亚油酸的相对含量最高, 为69.3%。灰底阶段紫芝的多糖、总三萜、锌含量较高, 分别为1.438%、1.050%、28.3 mg/kg。结论 采用冷冻干燥的方式更有利于紫芝营养成分含量的保持, 幼菇期和灰底阶段的紫芝在营养成分含量更具优势。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the content of nutrients in different growth stage of Ganoderma sinense. Method The fruit bodies of Ganoderma sinense in young mushroom stage, fast harvesting edge, closing edge, gray bottom, and beginning to be dusted were collected, and then dried by the freeze-drying method. Next, the nutritional components were analysised, and compared with hot air dried and mature period Ganoderma sinense and Ganoderma lucidum. Result The effects of drying methods on the content of nutrients were analyzed: the results showed that the contents of protein, crude fiber, total triterpenoid and zinc in lyophilized Ganoderma sinense were 12.7%–16.6%、57.2%–59.9%、0.829%–1.050%、26.7–33.2 mg/kg, which was significantly higher than hot air dried and mature period Ganoderma sinense and Ganoderma lucidum. Analysis of nutrient content in different growth and development stages of Ganoderma sinense: the contents of total sugar, protein, total amino acid, iron and zinc in young mushroom stage were the highest, which were 8.217%, 16.61%, 14.63%, 205.0 mg/kg and 33.2 mg/kg; the relative content of linoleic acid were the highest, which were 69.3%. The contents of polysaccharide, total triterpenoids, zinc in the grey bottom stage were 1.438%, 1.050% and 28.3 mg/kg. Conclusion The freeze-drying method is more conducive to main the nutrition of Ganoderma sinense. The young mushroom stage and gray bottom stage has better advantages in nutrients.