东海区市售大黄鱼鲞的品质分析研究

Analysis of quality indexes of commercial salted large yellow croaker in the East China Sea

中文关键词:  大黄鱼鲞  品质指标  生物胺  相关性分析

英文关键词:salted large yellow croaker  quality index  biogenic amine  correlation analysis

中文摘要:

      目的 分析东海区市售大黄鱼鲞的品质, 并探究不同理化指标之间的相关性。方法 采集东海区30份市售大黄鱼鲞样本, 测定品质相关理化指标, 并进行统计分析、主成分分析和相关性分析。结果 30份大黄鱼鲞的水分含量为51.59%~79.50%, 盐分为0.38%~14.47%, 硫代巴比妥酸为0.79~8.18 mg丙二醛/kg, pH为6.41~7.07, 挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen, TVB-N)含量为9.17~45.29 mg/100 g, 其中83.3%的样本水分含量超过60%, 16.7%的样本盐分超过10%, 33.3%的样本脂肪氧化水平超过推荐限值, 1个样本的TVB-N含量超标。市售大黄鱼鲞生物胺总量为4.39~82.28 mg/kg, 其中尸胺的检出率为80%, 是导致生物胺总量上升的主要生物胺。主成分分析结果表明TVB-N和腐胺作为新鲜度指标、盐分和水分含量作为鱼肉成分指标对大黄鱼鲞的品质评价具有显著影响。相关性分析表明大黄鱼鲞盐分与水分含量、盐分与pH、TVB-N含量与腐胺、尸胺、酪胺、总生物胺含量具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论 市售大黄鱼鲞以高水分产品为主, 存在盐分高、脂肪氧化程度高、新鲜度差和生物胺含量高等问题, 为大黄鱼鲞的品质评价和质量控制提供重要参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the quality of salted large yellow croaker sold in the East China Sea and explore the correlation between various quality indexes. Methods The quality indexes of 30 salted large yellow croaker samples collected from the East China Sea were measured, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis, principal component analysis and correlation analysis. Results The water content was 51.59%–79.50%, the salt content was 0.38%–14.47%, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was 0.79–8.18 mg malondialdehyde/kg, the pH was 6.41–7.07, and the content of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) was 9.17–45.29 mg/100 g. The water content of 83.3% samples exceeded 60%, the salt content of 16.7% samples exceeded 10%, the fat oxidation level of 33.3% samples exceeded the recommended limit, and the content of TVB-N in one sample exceeded the standard. The total biogenic amine in salted large yellow croaker in East China Sea was 4.39–82.28 mg/kg. The detection rate of cadaverine was 80%, cadaverine was the main biogenic amine causing the total biogenic amine to increase. Principal component analysis showed that TVB-N and putrescine as freshness indexes, and salt and water content as meat composition indexes had significant effects on the quality evaluation of salted large yellow croaker. Correlation analysis showed that the salt and water content, the salt content and pH, the TVB-N content and the content of putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine and total biogenic amine were significantly correlated (P<0.05). Conclusion The commercial salted large yellow croaker is mainly composed of high moisture products. Some samples has some problems such as high salt content, high fat oxidation degree, poor freshness and high biogenic amine content. This paper provides an important reference for quality evaluation and quality control of salted large yellow croaker.