果梅蜜饯中铝的污染来源分析及控制措施

Source analysis and control measures of aluminum pollution in preserved fruit by Prunus mume

中文关键词:  果梅蜜饯  铝  污染来源  防控措施

英文关键词:preserved fruit by Prunus mume  aluminum  pollution sources  control strategies

中文摘要:

      目的 了解以果梅为原料生产的蜜饯中铝污染来源和水平, 探寻蜜饯中铝污染的关键环节。方法 采集生产企业加工用的原料、辅料、添加剂、加工过程中半成品及成品等样本, 利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定其中铝含量, 采用SPSS 26.0对其中铝残留量进行统计分析, 提出相应的铝污染控制措施。结果 加工用辅料、添加剂、生产用水中铝残留量较低, 83份果梅本底铝含量范围为17.54~156.32 mg/kg, 平均值为(44.99±23.28) mg/kg, 中位数为38.00 mg/kg, 超过50 mg/kg的样本占比24.1% (20/83)。盐腌制、糖腌制加工对样本中铝残留量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), 不同场所加工的雕梅中铝残留量差异有统计学意义(Z=?2.005, P=0.045), 不同类别蜜饯中铝残留量差异有统计学意义(H=12.718, P=0.005)。结论 果梅原料中含有一定量本底铝值, 盐腌制加工可能是话化类蜜饯中铝污染的主要来源, 糖腌制加工降低了蜜饯中铝的残留量, 使用含铝添加剂可能是糖腌制蜜饯中铝的主要来源, 开展蜜饯中铝污染来源调查和风险防控时, 建议加强对相应环节的控制, 减少蜜饯中铝污染的来源。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the source and level of aluminum pollution in preserved fruit by Prunus mume, and explore the key links of aluminum pollution in fruit preserves. Methods The samples of raw materials, auxiliary materials, additives, semi-finished products and finished products used in the processing of production enterprises were collected, and the aluminum content in them was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the aluminum residue in them was statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0, and the corresponding aluminum pollution control measures were put forward. Results The residual aluminum in processing auxiliary materials, additives and production water was lower, the background aluminum content of 83 pieces of plum ranged from 17.54 to 156.32 mg/kg, with an average value of (44.99±23.28) mg/kg and a median value of 38.00 mg/kg, samples exceeding 50 mg/kg accounted for 24.1% (20/83). The difference of aluminum residue between salt curing and sugar curing was statistically significant (P<0.05), the difference of aluminum residue in carved plum processed in different places was statistically significant (Z=?2.005, P=0.045), and the difference of aluminum residue in different kinds of candied fruit was statistically significant (H=12.718, P=0.005). Conclusion The raw material of plum contains a certain amount of background aluminum value, and the salting process may be the main source of aluminum pollution in candied fruits, the use of aluminum-containing additives may be the main source of aluminum in candied candies. It is suggested to strengthen the control of relevant links to reduce the source of aluminum pollution in candied candies.