刺通草的营养成分分析及其氨基酸评价

Nutrient composition analysis and amino acid evaluation of Trevesia palmata

中文关键词:  刺通草  营养价值  氨基酸  药食两用植物

英文关键词:Trevesia palmata  nutritive value  amino acids  medicinal and edible plants

中文摘要:

      目的 研究刺通草各部位营养成分, 评价其氨基酸营养价值。方法 通过对刺通草花苞、嫩叶、老叶、茎皮等部位的蛋白质、总灰分、氨基酸、氮、磷、钾、钙进行测定与分析, 综合评价各部位的营养情况。结果 刺通草不同部位的营养成分存在差异, 花苞的蛋白质及氮、磷、钾含量最高, 分别为18.60%、2.98%、0.512%、3.00%; 茎皮中总灰分和钙含量最高, 分别为31.32%、7.28%, 约为花苞和叶的3倍。各部位均检测到16种氨基酸和6种必需氨基酸, 总氨基酸含量为47.59~106.57 mg/g, 必需氨基酸含量为17.07~38.14 mg/g, 必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的34.70%~40.27%。精氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸为花苞和茎皮的主要氨基酸; 谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、亮氨酸为嫩叶和老叶的主要氨基酸; 刺通草各部位的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸; 各部位呈味氨基酸和药用氨基酸含量丰富, 分别占总氨基酸的88%和56%以上。各部位的氨基酸比值系数分(score of ratio coefficient of amino acid, SRC)值介于65.42~71.11之间, 平均值为67.16。结论 刺通草花苞的蛋白质等营养含量丰富, 叶的氨基酸营养价值较高, 茎皮中钙含量非常丰富。本研究可为刺通草资源开发和利用提供科学参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the nutritional components and evaluate the amino acid nutritional value of various parts of Trevesia palmata. Method The content of protein, total ash, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium content in Trevesia palmata flower buds, tender leaves, old leaves, and stem bark parts were determined and analyzed to evaluate the nutritional value. Results There were significant differences in the nutritional constituents of different parts in Trevesia palmata. The flower buds had the highest protein content and the highest levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, at 18.60%, 2.98%, 0.512%, and 3.00% respectively. The total ash and calcium in stem bark were 31.32% and 7.28% respectively, which were about 3 times than flower bud and leaves. The 16 kinds of amino acids containing 6 kinds of essential amino acids were detected in all parts, the total amino acids content were 47.59–106.57 mg/g, the essential amino acids content were 17.07–38.14 mg/g, which accounted for 34.70%–40.27% of the essential amino acids in total amino acid content. Arginine, glutamic, and aspartic were the main amino acids in flower bud and stem bark; glutamic, aspartic, and leucine acid were the main amino acids of tender and old leaves. The first limiting amino acid was methionine+cysteine. The flavorful and medicinal amino acids in each part were rich, which accounting for 88% and 56% of the total amino acids, respectively. The score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRC) value of each site ranged from 65.42 to 71.11, with a mean of 67.16. Conclusion The protein and other nutrients are rich in flower bud, and also the nutritional value of amino acids in leaves and calcium in stem bark. This study can provide a scientific value for the development and utilization for the resources of Trevesia palmata.