基于气相色谱法的奇亚籽油脂肪酸指纹图谱构建及其掺伪鉴别

Construction of fatty acid fingerprint of Salvia hispanica L. oil based on gas chromatography and adulteration identification

中文关键词:  奇亚籽油  气相色谱法  脂肪酸组成  指纹图谱  聚类分析  掺伪鉴别

英文关键词:Salvia hispanica L. oil  gas chromatography  fatty acid composition  fingerprint  cluster analysis  adulteration identification

中文摘要:

      目的 基于气相色谱法(gas chromatography, GC)构建奇亚籽油的脂肪酸标准指纹图谱, 并对奇亚籽油进行掺伪鉴别。方法 以奇亚籽为研究对象, 采集30批次来自多个产地的奇亚籽油作为样本, 对其脂肪酸进行GC分析, 通过“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统”建立奇亚籽油脂肪酸标准指纹图谱, 据此鉴别掺伪量分别为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%的菜籽油、玉米胚芽油、芝麻油、花生油、葵花仁油和大豆油的掺伪模型。结果 奇亚籽油所含脂肪酸以棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生酸、γ-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸为主; 通过相似度评价30批次奇亚籽油的相似度均大于99.5%; 聚类分析结果将30批次奇亚籽油按不同产地分为6大类; 利用指纹图谱可以鉴别掺伪量10%及以上菜籽油、玉米胚芽油、芝麻油、葵花仁油、大豆油掺伪模型, 20%及以上花生油掺伪模型。结论 本研究通过分析奇亚籽油脂肪酸组成并建立气相色谱脂肪酸标准指纹图谱, 为鉴别纯奇亚籽油提供了一定的数据及技术支撑。

英文摘要:

      Objective To construct a standard fingerprint of fatty acids in Salvia hispanica L. oil by gas chromatography, and identify the adulteration of Salvia hispanica L. oil. Methods Taking Salvia hispanica L. oil as the research object, 30 batches of fatty acids in Salvia hispanica L. oil from different regions were analyzed by GC, and a standard fingerprint of fatty acids in Salvia hispanica L. oil was established using the “similarity evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint”. The fingerprint was used to identify adulteration models of rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, and soybean oil with adulteration amounts of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. Results Identify palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid was the main fatty acid in Salvia hispanica L. oil; through similarity evaluation, the similarity of 30 batches of Salvia hispanica L. oil was>99.5%; cluster analysis results showed that 30 batches of Salvia hispanica L. oil were divided into 6 categories according to different origins; the falsification models of rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil with 10% or more of the falsification content, and peanut oil with 20% or more of the falsification content could be identified by fingerprint. Conclusion By analyzing the fatty acid composition of Salvia hispanica L. oil and establishing a standard fingerprint of fatty acids by gas chromatography, this study provides certain experimental data and technical support for identifying pure Salvia hispanica L. oil.