不同养殖区域的卵形鲳鲹营养品质分析与评价研究

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional quality of Trachinotus ovatus in different culture areas

中文关键词:  卵形鲳鲹  养殖区域  营养品质  主成分分析  品质评价

英文关键词:Trachinotus ovatus  culture area  nutritional quality  principal component analysis  quality evaluation

中文摘要:

      目的 研究不同养殖区域的卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)营养品质差异, 并对其品质进行评价。方法 以海南、广西、广东3个养殖区域的卵形鲳鲹为研究对象, 对基本营养成分、蛋白质、氨基酸与矿物元素进行测定, 采用主成分分析对营养品质指标进行评价。结果 3个养殖区域的卵形鲳鲹氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸含量与鲜味氨基酸含量未呈现显著差异; 氨基酸评分与化学评分结果显示3个养殖区域卵形鲳鲹氨基酸组成均衡; 脂肪酸结果显示广东养殖卵形鲳鲹饱和脂肪酸含量最高为38.84%±6.23%, 海南单不饱和脂肪酸含量最高为37.20%±2.06%, 广西多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高为39.27%±4.42%; 3个养殖区域的矿物元素含量丰富, 常量元素中最高的是钾与钠, 微量元素中海南卵形鲳鲹中铁含量最高, 显著高于广西与广东, 广西养殖卵形鲳鲹中锌元素含量最高, 显著高于海南与广东; 主成分分析得到的综合得分结果显示广西综合评分最高, 其次是海南, 最次为广东。结论 不同养殖区域的卵形鲳鲹营养成分存在差异, 研究为卵形鲳鲹品质评价体系构建提供数据支撑。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the variations in the nutritional quality of Trachinotus ovatus from different culture areas and assess its quality. Methods The study involved determining basic nutritional composition, protein, amino acid, and mineral element content of Trachinotus ovatus from Hainan, Guangxi, and Guangdong. Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the nutritional quality index. Results The analysis revealed no significant differences in the total amino acid content, essential amino acid content, and delicious amino acid content among the 3 cultured Trachinotus ovatus varieties. The amino acid score and chemical score indicated a balanced amino acid composition across the 3 culture areas. Fatty acid analysis showed that the saturated fatty acid content was highest in Guangdong 38.84%±6.23%, followed by Hainan 37.20%±2.06% and Guangxi 39.27%±4.42%. The mineral elements in the 3 culture areas were rich, and the highest major elements were potassium and sodium. Among the trace elements, the iron content in Hainan cultured Trachinotus ovatus was significantly higher than that in Guangxi and Guangdong, while the zinc content in Guangxi was significantly higher than that in Hainan and Guangdong. Principal component analysis revealed that the comprehensive score was highest for Guangxi, followed by Hainan and Guangdong. Conclusion This study highlights the variations in the nutritional composition of Trachinotus ovatus in different culture areas and provides valuable data support to facilitate the development of a comprehensive quality evaluation system for Trachinotus ovatus.