食品中硝基呋喃类药物残留检测技术的研究进展

Research progress on detection technology of nitrofurans drug residues in food

中文关键词:  硝基呋喃类药物  硝呋索尔  代谢物  食品  检测方法

英文关键词:nitrofurans  nifursol  metabolites  determination techniques

中文摘要:

      硝基呋喃类抗菌药因价格便宜、抗菌效果好, 曾被广泛应用于畜禽水产等养殖行业。其代谢物可在动物体内长时间残留, 对人体有强毒性和潜在的致畸致癌致突变风险, 对此各国已出台限量标准和管控政策。本文概述了5种硝基呋喃类原药(含硝呋索尔)及其代谢物的理化性质; 色谱技术、液相色谱-质谱法和免疫学技术等常用检测技术用于食品中硝基呋喃类药物残留检测的近3年研究进展, 比较了各方法的前处理技术和检测技术的特点及检测效果; 着重介绍了表面增强拉曼、电化学传感、基于金属有机框架的荧光传感等新型快速检测技术用于硝基呋喃类药物残留检测的发展, 从材料设计和检测方法等方面归纳比较, 并就硝基呋喃类药物残留的检测技术进行了展望, 以期为硝基呋喃类药物及其代谢物的检测、监管等提供新思路。

英文摘要:

      Nitrofuran antibiotics had been widely used in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture industries because of their low-cost and good antibacterial effects. The metabolites of nitrofurans can remain in animal bodies for a long time which have intense toxicity and potential risks of teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity to humans. In this regard, limit standards and control policies have been introduced in countries. This article reviewed the physicochemical properties of 5 kinds of nitrofurans (including nifursol) and their metabolites; the research progress of commonly used detection techniques such as chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and immunology in the past three years was compared in terms of pre-treatment techniques and detection effectiveness; the development of rapid detection methods such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical sensing, and fluorescence sensing technology based on metal organic frameworks were emphasized and summarized through materials’ design and detection technique. The paper also made prospects for the detection technology of nitrofuran residues, in order to provide new ideas for the detection and regulation of nitrofuran metabolites.