文冠果油神经酸乙酯对脱髓鞘小鼠脂肪酸、血脂的影响

Effect of ethyl nervonic acid from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil on fatty acids, blood lipid of demyelinating mice

中文关键词:  文冠果油  神经酸  芥酸；脂肪酸  脱髓鞘

英文关键词:Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil  ethyl nervonic acid  erucic acid  fatty acids  demyelination

中文摘要:

      目的 探究文冠果油神经酸乙酯对双环己酮草酰二腙(cuprizone, CPZ)诱导的脱髓鞘小鼠脂肪酸、血脂的影响。方法 SPF级雌性昆明小鼠50只, 除空白组(KO)外, 通过在饲料中加入0.25% CPZ饲喂雌性昆明小鼠造模并分为模型组(CPZ)、神经酸乙酯低剂量组(NA-L, 0.001912 mL/g)、神经酸乙酯中剂量组(NA-M, 0.003824 mL/g)、神经酸乙酯高剂量组(NA-H, 0.007648 mL/g), 持续5周至实验结束。于造模2周后开始给药至第5周结束后取材, 并通过气相色谱仪、血脂仪分别检测文冠果油神经酸乙酯对CPZ诱导的脱髓鞘小鼠脑组织、肝脏、心脏、血清、粪便里的脂肪酸含量及血液中血脂水平的影响。结果 与KO组相比, CPZ组脱髓鞘小鼠脑组织、肝脏、心脏中神经酸、芥酸含量显著下降(P<0.05); 与CPZ组相比, NA-L、NA-M、NA-H组小鼠脑组织、肝脏、心脏、血清、粪便中的神经酸含量均显著增加(P<0.05), 其中KO、CPZ组小鼠血清、粪便中未检测到神经酸和芥酸, NA-L、NA-M、NA-H组小鼠血清、粪便中含有一定量的神经酸和芥酸; 与KO组相比, CPZ组血脂升高; 与CPZ组相比, NA-L、NA-M、NA-H组均可降低血液中的甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)含量, 升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)含量。结论 在饲料中添加0.25% CPZ诱导小鼠脱髓鞘会导致小鼠血脂升高, 降低小鼠体内神经酸、芥酸含量, 脱髓鞘疾病与神经酸的积累有关, 脱髓鞘疾病会导致神经酸的供应受损。在这种情况下, 文冠果油神经酸乙酯提取物能够增加脱髓鞘小鼠体内神经酸及芥酸含量, 提高脑组织不饱和脂肪酸含量, 调节脱髓鞘小鼠血脂水平。此外, 神经酸、芥酸参与脱髓鞘小鼠体内代谢, 并在小鼠体内共存, 文冠果油神经酸乙酯提取物可作为脱髓鞘小鼠补充神经酸的外源性物质。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the effects of fatty acid and blood lipid of cuprizone (CPZ) induced demyelinating mice by ethyl nervonic acid from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil. Methods The 50 female Kunming mice with SPF grade, except blank group (KO), were fed 0.25% CPZ and divided into model group (CPZ), low dose group (NA-L, 0.001912 mL/g) and medium dose group (NA-M, 0.003824 mL/g), ethyl nervonic acid high-dose group (NA-H, 0.007648 mL/g) for 5 weeks to the end of the experiment. The samples were taken from 2 weeks after the modeling to the end of the 5th week, and the effects of ethyl nervonic acid from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil on fatty acid content in brain tissue, liver, heart, serum, stool and blood lipid level of CPZ-induced demyelinating mice were detected by gas chromatograph and blood lipid meter. Results Compared with KO group, the content of brain tissue, liver, heart nervonic acid and erucic acid in CPZ group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with CPZ groups, the content of nervonic acid in brain tissue, liver, heart, serum and stool of mice in NA-L, NA-M and NA-H groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and no neural acid and erucic acid were detected in serum and stool of mice in KO and CPZ groups. The serum and feces of NA-L, NA-M and NA-H groups contained a certain amount of nervonic acid and erucic acid. Lipid levels in the CPZ group were higher than those in the KO group, and compared with CPZ group, NA-L, NA-M and NA-H groups all decreased the content of triglyceride (TG) in blood and increased the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusion Supplementation of 0.25% CPZ to induce demyelination of mice can increase blood lipids, reduce the contents of nervonic acid and erucic acid in mice. Demyelinating diseases are related to the accumulation of neuric acid, and demyelinating diseases can lead to the impairment of neuric acid supply. In this case, the extract of ethyl nervonic acid from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil can increase the content of nervonic acid and erucic acid, increase the content of unsaturated fatty acid in brain tissue, and regulate the level of blood lipid in demyelinating mice. In addition, nervonic acid and erucic acid participate in the metabolism of demyelinating mice, and coexist in mice. The extract of ethyl nervonic acid from Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil can be used as an exogenous substance to supplement nervonic acid in demyelinating mice.