3种生干虾皮制品营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components of 3 kinds of raw dried small shrimp

中文关键词:  生干虾皮  营养成分  氨基酸  脂肪酸  消化率

英文关键词:raw dried small shrimp  nutritional components  amino acids  fatty acids  digestibility

中文摘要:

      目的 探究不同海域生干虾皮制品的营养成分组成及其差异性。方法 采用化学测定结合仪器分析法，对黄海、东海和南海海域产生干虾皮样品的基本营养成分、蛋白质消化率、氨基酸种类及含量、脂肪酸组成及含量、矿物元素种类及含量等进行测定。结果 3种生干虾皮样品中水分含量和粗蛋白含量较高，且盐分含量较低(均小于5.00%)，其中以东海海域生干虾皮样品中粗蛋白含量高达69.56%；3种生干虾皮样品中总糖含量(以葡萄糖计)分别为0.34 g/100 g(黄海)、1.89 g/100 g(东海)和0.73 g/100 g(南海)；东海海域生干虾皮中检测出17种游离氨基酸，黄海和南海海域虾皮样品中未检出苯丙氨酸；东海生干虾皮中检出了23种脂肪酸，而黄海和南海海域虾皮中分布检出21种和22种脂肪酸，其中均含有10种饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid, SFA)，4种单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid, MUFA)，且均含有人体所必需的脂肪酸(以棕榈酸含量最多)；3种生干虾皮中矿物质成分均含有14种常量及微量元素，其中Ca、Na、K、P元素含量丰富。结论 3种不同海域生干虾皮在理化指标、营养成分及氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物质含量方面存在较大差异，可为虾皮营养价值评价、消费者食用消费提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the nutrient composition and differences of raw dried small shrimp in different seas. Methods The basic nutrients, protein digestibility, amino acid types and content, fatty acid composition and content, and mineral element types and content of dried small shrimp samples produced in the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea were determined by chemical determination combined with instrumental analysis. Results The moisture content and crude protein content of 3 kinds of raw dried small shrimp were high, and the salt content was low (all less than 5.00%), among which the crude protein content of the raw dried small shrimp samples in the East China Sea was as high as 69.56%. The total sugar content (in terms of glucose) in the three dried small shrimp samples was 0.34 g/100 g (Yellow Sea), 1.89 g/100 g (East China Sea) and 0.73 g/100 g (South China Sea), respectively. A total of 17 kinds of free amino acids were detected in raw dried small shrimp in the East China Sea, but phenylalanine was not detected in dried small shrimp samples in the Yellow Sea and South China Sea. A total of 23 kinds of fatty acids were detected in the dried small shrimp of the East China Sea, while 21 kinds of fatty acids and 22 kinds of fatty acids were detected in the dried small shrimp of the Yellow Sea and the South China Sea, both of which contained 10 kinds of saturated fatty acids (Saturated fatty acid, SFA) and 4 kinds of monounsaturated fatty acids monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), all of which contained essential fatty acids (with palmitic acid being the most abundant). The mineral components of 3 kinds of raw dried small shrimp contained 14 kinds of macro and trace elements, among which Ca, Na, K, P were abundant. Conclusion There are great differences in the physical and chemical indexes, nutrients, amino acids, fatty acids and mineral content of raw dried small shrimp in three different sea areas, which can provide a reference for the evaluation of the nutritional value of dried small shrimp and the consumption of consumers.