不同虫茶及其植物原料的抗氧化作用效果比较

Comparison of antioxidant effects of different insect teas and their plant raw materials

中文关键词:  虫茶  植物原料  活性物质  抗氧化  相关性

英文关键词:insect tea  plant raw material  bioactive compounds  antioxidant activity  correlation

中文摘要:

      目的 比较研究酸枣叶虫茶、茶叶虫茶及其植物原料的体外抗氧化能力。方法 采用高效液相色谱法及分光光度法等方法检测酸枣叶、茶叶、酸枣叶虫茶及茶叶虫茶中多酚、总黄酮、咖啡碱、游离氨基酸及可溶性糖含量, 并以自由基的清除能力及铁离子还原力作为抗氧化能力的评价指标。结果 茶叶中多酚含量最高, 显著高于酸枣叶及两种虫茶(P<0.05); 酸枣叶中总黄酮、咖啡碱及可溶性糖的含量最高, 均显著高于茶叶及两种虫茶(P<0.05), 且酸枣叶虫茶不含咖啡碱; 茶叶虫茶的游离氨基酸含量最高, 显著高于酸枣叶虫茶及植物原料(P<0.05); 在抗氧化能力测定中, 茶叶对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)自由基、羟自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(superoxide anion radicals, ·O2?)、2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt, ABTS]阳离子自由基的清除能力及铁还原能力最高, 均显著高于酸枣叶及两种虫茶(P<0.05), 而茶叶虫茶的抗氧化活性最弱。Spearman相关性分析表明, 4个样品的DPPH自由基、·OH、·O2?、ABTS阳离子自由基清除能力、铁还原力及抗氧化效能综合指数均与多酚、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸含量的相关系数较高, 其与多酚、可溶性糖含量分别呈极显著、显著正相关(P<0.01, P<0.05), 与游离氨基酸含量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论 植物原料的抗氧化活性强于虫茶, 且酸枣叶虫茶强于茶叶虫茶, 多酚、可溶性糖是决定两种虫茶及其植物原料抗氧化活性的重要物质。

英文摘要:

      Objective To compare and study the antioxidant capacity of Choerospondias axillaris insect tea, tea insect tea and their plant materials in vitro. Methods The content of polyphenols, total flavonoids, caffeine, free amino acids and soluble sugars in Choerospondias axillaris leaves, tea leaves, Choerospondias axillaris and tea leaves were detected by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry, and the scavenging ability of free radicals and reducing power of iron ions were used as evaluation indexes of antioxidant capacity. Results Tea leaves had the highest content of polyphenols, which was significantly higher than that of Choerospondias axillaris and 2 kinds of insect tea (P<0.05). Choerospondias axillaris leaves posses the highest content of total flavonoids, caffeine and soluble sugars, which was higher than those of other samples (P<0.05), whereas caffeine was not detected in the Choerospondias axillaris insect tea. However, the Camellia sinensis insect tea with the highest content of free amino acids was significantly higher than that of other samples (P<0.05). The scavenging capacity against 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide anion radicals (·O2?), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS) cation radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power of tea leaves were the highest, which were significantly higher than those in the Choerospondias axillaris and 2 kinds of insect teas (P<0.05), whereas Camellia sinensis insect tea had the weakest antioxidant activity. According to the results of Spearman correlation analysis, the scavenging ability of DPPH radical, ·OH, ·O2?, ABTS cation radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power and the antioxidant potency composite index of 4 samples were the high correlated with the content of polyphenols, soluble sugars and free amino acids, which showed highly significant and significant positive correlation with the contents of polyphenol and soluble sugars, respectively (P<0.01, P<0.05), and significant negative correlation with free amino acids content (P<0.05). Conclusion The antioxidant activity of plant raw materials is stronger than that of insect tea, and the Choerospondias axillaris insect tea is stronger than that of tea insect tea. Polyphenols and soluble sugars are important substances that determine the antioxidant activity of 2 kinds of insect teas and their plant raw materials.