低共熔溶剂提取和田红葡萄皮籽渣中多酚及其组分分析

Extraction of polyphenol from Hotan red grape by-products by deep eutectic solvents and component analysis

中文关键词:  低共熔溶剂  超声辅助  葡萄皮籽渣  多酚  抗氧化活性  组分含量

英文关键词:deep eutectic solvent  ultrasonic-assisted  grape by-products  polyphenol  antioxidant activity  component analysis

中文摘要:

      目的 对比16种低共熔溶剂(deep eutectic solvent, DES)对和田红葡萄皮籽渣中多酚的提取效果, 优化超声辅助DES提取和田红葡萄皮籽渣中多酚的最佳提取工艺。方法 采用DES加超声辅助的方法, 以多酚的提取率作为评价指标, 对DES含水率、料液比、超声温度和超声时间进行单因素试验和响应面优化分析, 测定DES-4多酚提取液的自由基清除能力。在最佳条件下, 定性分析DES-4氯化胆碱-乙二醇(摩尔比1:4)提取液的酚类物质, 定量分析DES-4和传统溶剂(水、80%甲醇和80%乙醇)提取液中9种(没食子酸、原花青素B1、原花青素B2、儿茶素、咖啡酸、白藜芦醇、芦丁、丁香酸和槲皮素)主要酚类物质含量。结果 与其他DES相比, DES-4多酚提取率较高。最佳提取工艺条件为DES-4含水率37%、料液比1:21 (g/mL)、超声温度40℃和超声时间28 min。所得最佳多酚提取率为(58.68±1.43) mg/g。DES-4多酚提取率分别比水[(10.7±1.43) mg/g]、80%甲醇[(25.91±0.83) mg/g]和80%乙醇[(37.6±1.65) mg/g]高448.13%、126.36%和55.98%。DES-4多酚提取液对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)自由基和2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt, ABTS]阳离子自由基的半抑制浓度(median inhibitory concentration, IC50)分别为0.25 mg/mL和0.11 mg/mL。DES-4提取液中单体酚的含量多数高于传统溶剂, 其中DES-4中没食子酸、原花青素B1、原花青素B2、儿茶素和槲皮素含量最高, 分别为1175.09、167.38、153.69、646.49和3.65 μg/mL。结论 建立的和田红葡萄皮籽渣多酚绿色提取方法及其组分含量分析方法有效、可靠, 优化得到的提取方法提取率高、重复性好, 为新疆和田红葡萄皮籽渣中多酚的绿色、高效提取和应用提供了理论依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To compare the effects of 16 kinds of deep eutectic solvents (DES) on the extraction of polyphenols from by-product of Hotan red grape, optimize the the extraction process of polyphenols from by-product of Hotan red grape with ultrasonic-assisted DES. Methods The extraction rate of polyphenols was taken as the evaluation index, the extraction conditions such as DES water content, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time were optimized by single factor test and response surface optimization analysis. The radical scavenging rates of DES polyphenol extract were assessed. The phenolic substances in the extract of DES-4 choline-ethylene glycol chloride (molar ratio 1:4) were qualitatively analyzed, and the content of 9 kinds of main phenolic substances (gallic acid, proanthocyanidin B1, proanthocyanidin B2, catechin, caffeic acid, resveratrol, rutin, eugenic acid and quercetin) in the extract of DES-4 and traditional solvents (water, 80% methanol and 80% ethanol) were quantitatively analyzed. Results The polyphenol extraction rate of choline chloride-ethylene glycol (molar ratio 1:4) was highest among other DES. The optimal extraction conditions were DES water content 37%, solid-liquid ratio 1:21 (g/mL), ultrasonic temperature 40℃ and time 28 min. The optimal DES extraction rate of polyphenol was (58.68±1.43) mg/g, which was higher (448.13%, 126.36% and 55.98%) than extraction rates with water [(10.7±1.43) mg/g], 80% methanol [(25.91±0.83) mg/g] and 80% ethanol [(37.6±1.65) mg/g] (V/V), respectively. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DES-4 polyphenol extract on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS) cation radical were 0.25 mg/mL and 0.11 mg/mL, respectively. The content of monomeric phenol in DES-4 extract was mostly higher than that in traditional solvent, and the content of gallic acid, proanthocyanidin B1, proanthocyanidin B2, catechin and quercetin in DES-4 were the highest, which were 1175.09, 167.38, 153.69, 646.49 and 3.65 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion The established green extraction method of polyphenols from by-product of Hotan red grape and its component analysis method are effective and reliable, and the optimized extraction method has high extraction rate and good repeatability, which provides a theoretical basis for green and efficient extraction of polyphenol from by-product of Xinjiang Hotan red grape.