紫陀螺菌营养品质及非靶代谢产物剖析

Analysis of nutritional quality and non-targeted metabolites of Gomphus purpuraceus

中文关键词:  紫陀螺菌  营养品质  非靶代谢组  差异代谢物  代谢途径

英文关键词:Gomphus purpuraceus  nutritional quality  non-targeted metabolomics  differential metabolites  metabolic pathways

中文摘要:

      目的 深入了解紫陀螺菌的营养品质和次级代谢产物, 以评估其食药应用价值。方法 以不同生长时期紫陀螺菌为研究对象, 测定分析其蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、水分、矿物质和氨基酸含量, 并采用液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱平台对代谢物进行测定, 基于正交偏最小二乘判别分析筛选差异代谢物, 通过京都基因组百科全书对组间差异代谢物进行通路富集分析。结果 紫陀螺菌含有丰富的蛋白质、矿物质、氨基酸, 其中包括6种人体必需氨基酸及婴幼儿必需的组氨酸。苏氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸的营养价值接近或超过标准鸡蛋蛋白, 且漏斗期的紫陀螺菌蛋白质营养价值最高。通过非靶代谢组学分析, 共获得2450个非靶代谢产物, 经过数据库注释发现紫陀螺菌次级代谢产物丰富, 包括脂肪酰类、羧酸及其衍生物、有机氧化物、异戊二醇脂类、类固醇及其衍生物、类黄酮类、酚类和生物碱类等。经差异代谢统计分析发现, 不同生长时期紫陀螺菌代谢物种类和数量均存在差异, 并随着子实体的成熟整体呈下调趋势。结论 紫陀螺菌营养成分丰富, 且含有多种具有生理活性的次生代谢产物, 本研究为紫陀螺菌食用与药用提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To further understand the nutritional quality and secondary metabolites of Gomphus purpuraceus and evaluate its value in food and medicine applications. Methods Research on Gomphus purpuraceus at different growth stages, the protein, fat, ash, moisture, minerals and amino acid content were measured and analyzed. Metabolites were determined using a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry platform. Differential metabolites were screened based on orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed on inter group differential metabolites using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Results Gomphus purpuraceus contained rich protein, mineral elements and amino acids, including 6 kinds of essential amino acid for the human body and the infant essential histidine. Among them, the nutritional value of threonine, valine and lysine was close to or more than that of standard egg protein, and the nutritional value of the protein of Gomphus purpuraceus in the funnel stage was the highest. Through non-targeted metabolomics analysis, a total of 2450 non-targeted metabolites were obtained. Database annotation suggested the abundance of the secondary metabolites of Gomphus purpuraceus, which included fatty acyls, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, organic oxides, isopentyl glycol lipids, steroids and their derivatives, flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. Differential metabolic statistical analysis revealed differences in the types and quantities of metabolites obtained from Gomphus purpuraceusat at different growth periods. And as the fruiting body matures, it showed an overall downward trend. Conclusion Gomphus purpuraceus has rich nutritional components and contains various secondary metabolites with physiological activity. This study provides scientific basis for the food and medicine use of Gomphus purpuraceus.