应用于食品检测领域的分子即时检测技术研究进展

Research progress of application of molecular point-of-care testing technology in the field of food detection

中文关键词:  食品检测  分子POCT  食品安全

英文关键词:food detection  molecular point-of-care testing  food safety  isothermal amplification technology  detection technology of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated systems

中文摘要:

      食品安全问题关系人类民生。为有效预防和控制食品安全风险, 减少食品安全经济损失, 迫切需要开发出针对食源性病原体、食物掺假、转基因作物的高特异性、高敏感性、快速的核酸检测技术。即时检测(point-of-care testing, POCT)作为一种新兴的快速检测手段, 由于其检测速度快、操作简单、现场检查等特点, 在食品检测领域应用广泛。本文首先介绍了POCT技术的发展历史, 而后根据食品安全事件的特点, 从食源性致病菌、食物掺假、转基因作物3个方向分析了食品检测的主要对象, 阐述了分子POCT技术在食品检测领域的应用现状, 最后对应用于食品检测领域的分子POCT技术存在的问题和解决办法进行了分析总结, 对食品检测分子POCT技术的发展方向进行了展望。本文有助于进一步了解分子POCT技术在食品检测中的应用, 并为分子POCT技术在食品快速检测中的研究和应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Food safety is closely related to people’s livelihood. In order to effectively prevent and control food safety risks and reduce economic losses of food safety, it is urgent to develop rapid detection technology of nucleic acid with high specificity, high sensitivity for foodborne pathogens, adulterated food and genetically modified crops. Point-of-care testing (POCT), as a new rapid detection method, is widely used in the field of food detection due to its characteristics of fast detection speed, simple operation and on-site inspection. This paper firstly briefly described the development history of POCT technology, and then introduced the main objects of food detection from the 3 directions of foodborne pathogens, adulterated food and genetically modified crops according to the characteristics of food safety events, and described the current application status of molecular POCT technology in the field of food detection, finally it analyzed and summarized the existing problems and solutions of molecular POCT technology in the field of food detection, and it prospected the direction of the development of POCT technology in the field of food detection. This review will contribute to further understanding of the application of molecular POCT technology in the food detection, and provide a reference for research and application of molecular POCT technology in the rapid detection of food.