不同菌材培养料对茶树菇生长特性及营养品质的影响

Effects of different fungus-growing materials substrate on growth characteristics and nutritional quality of Agrocybe chaxingu

中文关键词:  茶树菇  菌材  营养品质  木质纤维素  相关性

英文关键词:Agrocybe chaxingu  fungus-growing materials  nutritional profile  lignocellulose  correlation

中文摘要:

      目的 研究不同菌材培养料对茶树菇(Agrocybe chaxingu)生长特性和营养品质影响。方法 以贵州常见菌材构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、光皮桦(Betula luminifera)、青冈(Quercus glauca)为栽培料, 测定比较木材理化特性对茶树菇农艺性状及粗蛋白、多糖、粗脂肪、矿质元素和氨基酸含量的影响。结果 4种菌材对茶树菇菌丝生长速率影响不显著; 构树培养茶树菇农艺性状最佳, 其次为光皮桦; 刺槐培养茶树菇粗脂肪和多糖含量最丰富。青冈培养茶树菇常量元素K、Mg、Ca、Na含量最高, 构树培养茶树菇微量元素Fe、Zn、Cu含量最高; 光皮桦培养茶树菇总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和限制性氨基酸含量最高。粗蛋白、Cu、Fe、Zn、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、Ca、Mg、苏氨酸、多糖、粗脂肪、K依次为区分4种菌材培养茶树菇主要指标。菌丝生长速率与全氮含量呈负相关性, 培养基中菌丝生长速率与菌材半纤维素含量呈显著正相关性; 子实体重量与木质素含量呈显著正相关性。结论 菌材理化性质对茶树菇生长及营养品质具有显著影响。构树和青冈培育茶树菇菌丝生长速率更快, 构树和刺槐培育茶树菇子实体农艺性状更佳, 光皮桦培育茶树菇营养品质更高。本研究结果可为茶树菇科学栽培及营养品质分析提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the effects of different fungus-growing materials substrate on growth characteristics and nutritional quality of Agrocybe chaxingu. Methods The 4 kinds of native fungus-growing tree in Guizhou were used as cultivation substrate of Agrocybe chaxingu, including Broussonetia papyrifera, Robinia pseudoacacia, Betula luminifera, Quercus glauca. The effects of fungus-growing materials physicochemical properties on the agronomic traits, the content of crude protein, polysaccharide, crude fat, mineral elements, and amino acids of Agrocybe chaxingu were measured and compared. Results The mycelial growth rate of Agrocybe chaxingu had no significant differences in 4 kinds of cultivation substrate; the best agronomic traits of Agrocybe chaxingu were found in Broussonetia papyrifera cultivation substrate, followed by Betula luminifera; Agrocybe chaxingu cultivated in Robinia pseudoacacia cultivation substrate had the richest content of crude fat and polysaccharides. The content of major elements K, Mg, Ca, and Na of Agrocybe chaxingu cultivated in Quercus glauca cultivation substrate was the highest; the content of trace elements Fe, Zn, and Cu of Agrocybe chaxingu cultivated in Broussonetia papyrifera cultivation substrate was the highest; while the content of total amino acids, essential amino acids, and limiting amino acids of Agrocybe chaxingu cultivated in Betula luminifera cultivation substrate was the highest. Crude protein, Cu, Fe, Zn, phenylalanine, valine, Ca, Mg, threonine, polysaccharide, crude fat and K were the main indicators for distinguishing Agrocybe chaxingu cultivated with four kinds of cultivation substrate. The mycelial growth rate was negatively correlated with total nitrogen content, while the mycelial growth rate in the cultivation medium was significantly positively correlated with the hemicellulose content; there was a significant positive correlation between the weight of fruiting bodies and lignin content. Conclusion The physicochemical properties of fungus-growing materials has a significant impact on the growth and nutritional profile of Agrocybe chaxingu. The mycelial growth rate of Agrocybe chaxingu is faster in Broussonetia papyrifera and Quercus glauca cultivation substrate, and the agronomic traits of Agrocybe chaxingu fruiting bodies are better in Broussonetia papyrifera and Robinia pseudoacacia cultivation substrate while the nutritional profile of Agrocybe chaxingu is higher in Betula luminifera cultivation substrate. This study can provide a reference for scientific cultivation and quality analysis of Agrocybe chaxingu.