热风干燥对辣椒提取物的抗氧化活性及其代谢物组成的影响研究

Study on the effects of hot air drying on the antioxidant activity and metabolite composition of Capsicum annuum L. extract

中文关键词:  辣椒  热风干燥  抗氧化  代谢物组  代谢通路富集分析

英文关键词:Capsicum annuum L.  hot air drying  antioxidant activity  metabolite composition  metabolic pathway enrichment analysis

中文摘要:

      目的 解析热风干燥(40℃)对辣椒提取物抗氧化活性及其代谢物组成的影响。方法 以总还原力、自由基清除率为指标评价辣椒提取物的抗氧化活性, 并采用非靶代谢物组学技术分析辣椒代谢物组成及含量。结果 干燥辣椒的抗氧化活性强于新鲜辣椒; 共鉴定出183个代谢物, 其中L-苹果酸是含量最高的代谢物, 新鲜辣椒与干燥辣椒中分别达(43838.68±16560.63) μg/g、(47095.13±18522.70) μg/g; 辣椒总氨基酸与总有机酸含量在干燥前后无显著变化, 糖及其衍生物含量显著减少, 维生素及其衍生物含量显著增加(P<0.05); 辣椒在热风干燥中积累了大量氧化应激、高渗胁迫应激代谢物, 如γ-氨基丁酸、焦谷氨酸、脯氨酸、L-半胱氨酸、L-苏阿糖、甘露醇等; 代谢通路富集分析发现, 碳水化合物类代谢和氨基酸类代谢在干燥过程中比较活跃; γ-氨基丁酸含量在热风干燥中从400 mg/100 g增加到600 mg/100 g。结论 辣椒在热风干燥过程中发生明显的氧化应激、高渗胁迫应激代谢, 抗氧化活性物质类代谢物累积可能是干燥辣椒的抗氧化活性增强的原因, 辣椒能富集高含量γ-氨基丁酸是本研究的一个新发现。本研究可为干辣椒品质形成机制研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the effects of hot air drying (40℃) on the antioxidant activity quality and metabolite composition of Capsicum annuum L. extract. Methods The antioxidant activity of Capsicum annuum L. extract was evaluated by using total reducing power and free radical clearance rate as indicators. The composition and content of metabolites in Capsicum annuum L. was analyzed by using non-target metabolomics technology. Results Dried Capsicum annuum L. had stronger antioxidant activity than fresh Capsicum annuum L.; a total of 183 metabolites were identified, among which L-malic acid was the highest metabolite. Fresh Capsicum annuum L. and dried Capsicum annuum L. reached (43838.68±16560.63) μg/g and (47095.13±18522.70) μg/g, respectively; after drying, there were no significant changes in the total content of amino acid and organic acid, sugar and its derivatives content decreased significantly, vitamin and its derivatives content increased significantly (P<0.05). During hot air drying, Capsicum annuum L. accumulated a lot of oxidative stress and hypertonic stress metabolites, such as γ-aminobutyric acid, pyroglutamate, proline, L-cysteine, L-threose, mannitol, and etc. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis revealed that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were more active during the drying process. The content of γ-aminobutyric acid increased from 400 mg/100 g to 600 mg/100 g during hot air drying. Conclusion The Capsicum annuum L. undergoes significant oxidative stress and hypertonic stress metabolism during hot air drying process. The accumulation of antioxidant metabolites may be the reason for the enhanced antioxidant activity of dried Capsicum annuum L.. The Capsicum annuum L. can accumulate high concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid is a new discovery in this study. This research can provide reference for the study of the quality formation mechanism of dried Capsicum annuum L..