苹果类黄酮物质及其代谢调控研究进展

Research progress on flavonoids and their metabolic regulation in apple

中文关键词:  苹果  类黄酮  组成及含量  代谢调控

英文关键词:apple  flavonoids  composition and content  metabolic regulation

中文摘要:

      类黄酮是苹果中的主要多酚类物质，具有抗氧化、消炎、抗病毒、治疗呼吸性疾病和免疫调节等广泛生理作用，是食品和医药领域研究的热点。苹果中类黄酮的组成和含量因品种和果实部位而异，通常果肉中的类黄酮种类和含量明显少于果皮。不同品种、不同产地、栽培品与野生品苹果类黄酮也具有差异性。苹果类黄酮代谢主要通过苯丙烷代谢途径实现，其合成途径受转录因子和外界因素的调控。由于代谢反应的作用，苹果类黄酮在果实发育、成熟和贮藏过程中也会发生明显的变化。本文从苹果中类黄酮物质的组成及含量、果实发育和采后类黄酮含量的变化、苹果类黄酮物质的代谢调控三个方面综述了苹果类黄酮物质的研究进展，为苹果类黄酮的研究和品质育种提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Flavonoids are the main polyphenols in apples, which have a wide range of physiological effects, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, antivirus, treatment of respiratory diseases and immune regulation. Study on the apple flavonoids is a hot spot in the field of food and medicine. The composition and content of flavonoids in apple vary with variety and fruit position, usually the species and content of flavonoids in pulp are significantly less than those in pericarp. There are also differences in apple flavonoids among different varieties, different producing areas, cultivated products and wild products. Apple flavonoid metabolism is mainly realized through phenylpropane metabolism pathway, and its synthesis pathway is regulated by transcription factors and external factors. Due to the influence of metabolic response, the flavonoid content of apple fruit also changes significantly during development, ripening and storage. In this paper, the research progress of flavonoids in apple was reviewed from three aspects: the composition and content of flavonoids in apple, the changes of flavonoid content in fruit development and postharvest, and the metabolism of flavonoids in apple, so as to provide reference for the research of flavonoids in apples and quality breeding.