氮气气调储藏下不同温度对晚籼稻品质的影响

Effects of different temperatures on quality of late indica rice under nitrogen -controlled atmosphere storage

中文关键词:  晚籼稻  氮气气调储藏  品质  不同温度

英文关键词:late indica rice  nitrogen  controlled atmosphere storage  quality  temperatures

中文摘要:

      目的 探究氮气气调结合控温储藏对晚籼稻品质的影响。方法 本研究以广西桂林新收获的晚籼稻为对象, 采用99%浓度的氮气包装, 在高温(35℃)、常温(25℃)、低温(15℃) 3个条件下的恒温培养箱中进行180 d的储藏。同时设立常规储藏条件作为对照, 每30 d取一次样, 进行加工、储藏品质及米饭蒸煮品质指标的测定。结果 在3个温度条件下, 相比于常规储藏, 氮气气调稻谷能够有效延缓出糙率和水分的下降。在35℃条件下, 氮气气调稻谷的整精米率、品尝评分值下降幅度及黄粒米率、脂肪酸值、直链淀粉含量、米饭吸水率的上升幅度均较大。在15℃和25℃条件下, 氮气气调稻谷则能够有效延缓整精米率和品尝评分值的下降, 并抑制黄粒米率、脂肪酸值、直链淀粉含量和吸水率的上升。在25℃和35℃条件下, 氮气气调能够抑制蒸煮后体积膨胀率的上升, 但在15℃条件下的效果不明显。相关性分析显示, 在种子储藏时应避免使用氮气气调。主成分分析结果表明, 在25℃条件下, 氮气气调比低温常规储藏效果更好, 能够延缓稻谷品质劣变。而品质特征指标与储藏条件的相关性分析结果表明, 储藏温度对稻谷品质的影响较小。结论 将温度控制在25℃的氮气气调储藏方式在经济性上更为优越, 既能延缓稻谷品质劣变, 又能节约储藏成本。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effects of nitrogen-controlled atmosphere combined with temperature control storage on the quality of late indica rice. Method In this experiment, late indica rice recently harvested in Guilin, Guangxi, was selected as the research subject. The rice was packed with 99% concentration nitrogen and stored for 180 days in a constant temperature and humidity incubator at high (35℃), normal (25℃), and low (15℃) temperatures. Additionally, conventional storage of rice under the same temperature and humidity conditions served as the control group. Samples were taken every 30 days to determine the processing, storage quality and cooking quality of rice. Results Compared to conventional storage, nitrogen-controlled atmosphere effectively mitigated the decline in roughness and moisture under all 3 temperature conditions. Specifically, at 35℃, the reduction in head milled rice rate and taste score, and the increase in yellow rice rate, fatty acid value, amylose content, and rice water absorption rate was greater. At 15℃ and 25℃, nitrogen-controlled atmosphere significantly delayed the decrease in head milled rice rate and taste score, and inhibited the increase in yellow rice rate, fatty acid value, amylose content, and water absorption rate. At 25℃ and 35℃, nitrogen-controlled atmosphere restrained the increase in swelling rate of rice after cooking, although this effect was not significant at 15℃. Correlation analysis showed that nitrogen should be avoided during seed storage. Principal component analysis results indicated that nitrogen gas conditioning at 25℃ was better than conventional storage at low temperature and could delay the deterioration of rice quality. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between quality characteristics and storage conditions confirmed that temperature had little effect on rice quality. Conclusion Therefore, maintaining a controlled temperature of 25℃ in nitrogen-controlled atmosphere storage is more economical, which can delay rice quality deterioration and save storage costs.