12度棕榈油超声强化结晶分提工艺研究

Study on ultrasonic-enhanced crystallization fractionation process of 12℃ palm oil

中文关键词:  棕榈油  超声波  冷却结晶

英文关键词:palm oil  ultrasound  cooling crystallization  dry fractionation

中文摘要:

      目的 改良棕榈油干法分提工艺, 开展12度棕榈油超声强化结晶分提工艺研究。方法 以24度棕榈油为原料, 采用三因素三水平正交试验, 考察不同油样温度、超声功率、超声时间下, 超声处理对棕榈油脂晶成长初期的平均粒径、液油产率和主要理化指标(熔点、碘价、酸值、过氧化值)的影响。结果 在棕榈油分提过程的关键结晶点施加超声波对棕榈油结晶行为有显著影响, 超声波功率越强, 脂晶成长初期的平均粒径越小, 液油产率越高。在油样温度17.5℃时, 以135 W超声30 s可达到最高液油产率37.63%。分提的各液油产品的熔点、碘价、酸值、过氧化值等理化指标均符合生产企业标准或国家标准要求; 各液油产品的熔点与碘价之间没有明显的相关性, 熔点和碘价与液油得率之间也没有明显的相关性; 超声处理没有引起液油产品游离脂肪酸含量的变化, 对液油产品的过氧化值也无不良影响。结论 在优化的超声处理条件下, 超声强化结晶工艺能实现良好的固液分离, 液油产率比对照组提高45.06%, 且主要理化指标均符合企业品控标准。

英文摘要:

      Objective To improve the dry fractionation process of palm oil, and study the ultrasonic-enhanced crystallization fractionation process of 12℃ palm oil. Methods With 24℃ palm oil as raw material, a 3-factor and 3-level orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the effect of different oil temperatures, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic time on the average particle size of the lipid crystals, liquid oil yield, and main physicochemical indicators (melting point, iodine value, acid value, and peroxide value) during the early growth stage. Results Applying ultrasound at the critical crystallization point of the palm oil separation process had a significant impact on the crystallization behavior of palm oil. The stronger the ultrasonic power applied, the smaller the average particle size of the lipid crystals during the early growth stage and the higher the liquid-oil yield were obtained. When ultrasound was applied to the oil sample at a temperature of 17.5℃ for 30 seconds with an ultrasound power of 135 W, the highest liquid-oil yield of 37.63% was achieved. The physical and chemical properties such as melting point, iodine value, acid value, and peroxide value of each separated liquid oil product all met the requirements of production enterprise standards or national standards. There was no significant correlation between the melting point and iodine value of each liquid oil product, and there was also no significant correlation between the melting point, iodine value and liquid oil yield. Ultrasonic treatment did not cause any changes in the free fatty acid content of the liquid oil product, nor did it have any adverse effects on the peroxide value of the liquid oil product. Conclusion Under the optimized ultrasonic treatment conditions, the ultrasonic-enhanced crystallization process can achieve good solid-liquid separation, and the liquid oil yield has been increased by 45.06% compared to the control group. All main indices meet the enterprise’s quality control standards.