基于DNA条形码技术对常见石首鱼科鱼胶的物种鉴定

Species identification of common Sciaenidae fish maw based on DNA barcoding

中文关键词:  鱼胶  DNA条形码  COI基因  物种鉴定  石首鱼科

英文关键词:fish maw  DNA barcoding  COI gene  species identification  Sciaenidae

中文摘要:

      目的 运用DNA条形码技术对常见石首鱼科鱼胶进行物种鉴定。方法 通过对26份鱼胶样品基因组DNA提取, 聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)扩增细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ (cytochrome c oxidase, COI)基因、测序, 用生命条形码数据(barcode of life data, BOLD)物种鉴定系统, 与数据库中已有鱼类序列进行比对分析, 鉴定出各鱼胶的物种; 根据Kimura双参数模型计算样品序列遗传距离, 并将所得序列使用邻接法(neighbor-joining, NJ)和最大简约法(maximum parsimony, MP)构建系统发育树, 进行聚类分析。结果 26份鱼胶样品通过鉴定引物“Fish-F”“Fish-R”均可实现扩增, 条带清晰, 扩增和测序成功率均为100%; BOLD鉴定结果显示, 26份鱼胶样品中23份能够确定物种来源(相似性达98%以上), 包括石首鱼科12属15种鱼类, 且多数为外来物种, 另外3份鱼胶可推测其近缘物种。此外, 系统发育树聚类分析结果与物种鉴定结果一致。结论 目前石首鱼类鱼胶来源物种较多, 且多为外来基原鱼种。DNA条形码技术与BOLD鉴定系统相结合, 可对大部分鱼胶进行准确的物种鉴定。

英文摘要:

      Objective To identify the original species of common Sciaenidae fish maw by DNA barcoding technology. Methods The species of fish maw were identified through the genomic DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene, sequencing, and comparison and analysis with existing fish sequences in the database by using the barcode of life data (BOLD) species identification system. According to the Kimura two-parameter model, the genetic distance of the sample sequence was calculated, and the sequences were used to construct phylogenetic trees using the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods for clustering analysis. Results The 26 fish maw samples could be amplified by identifying primers “Fish-F” and “Fish-R”. The bands were clear, and the success rates of amplification and sequencing were 100%; BOLD identification showed that 23 of the 26 fish maw samples could confirm the species origin (with a similarity more than 98%), including 15 species of fish in 12 genera of Sciaenidae, most of which were alien, and the allied species of the other 3 fish maw samples could be inferred. In addition, the results of phylogenetic tree clustering analysis were consistent with the results of species identification. Conclusion At present, there are multiple species of Sciaenidae fish maw, and most of them are exotic fish species. DNA barcoding combined with BOLD identification system can accurately identify the species origin of most fish maw.