不同规格及性别的克氏原螯虾各部位营养分析及评价

Nutritional analysis and evaluation of different parts of Procambarus clarkia with different size and gender

中文关键词:  关键词：克氏原螯虾  营养成分  品质评价

英文关键词:Procambarus clarkia  nutritional ingredients  quality evaluation

中文摘要:

      目的 综合分析和评价不同规格及性别的克氏原螯虾各部位的营养成分。方法 通过测定不同规格及性别的克氏原螯虾的肝胰腺、肌肉、虾壳、虾钳中基本营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物质指标等, 综合评价各部位的营养情况。结果 同等规格下雌虾可食用率高于雄虾, 中等规格雌虾可食用率最高, 为30.28%; 水分含量最高的部位为中等规格雄虾肌肉, 含量为81.72%±0.66%; 灰分含量最高的部位为中等规格雄虾虾壳, 含量为38.42%±0.31%; 蛋白质含量最高的部位为大规格雌虾肌肉, 含量为17.37%±6.00%; 脂肪含量最高的部位为大规格雌虾肝胰腺, 含量为25.00%±3.29%; 甲壳素含量最高的部位为大规格雌虾虾钳, 含量为14.55%±2.55%; 虾青素含量最高的部位为大规格雄虾虾壳, 含量为106.93 μg/g; 虾的肝胰腺和肌肉中Zn、Se、Fe含量较高; 虾壳和虾钳中Ca元素含量较高; 虾的尾部肌肉中P、K、Na等元素含量较高。结论 中等规格雌虾具有更大的食用价值, 各类虾的虾头壳、虾钳、肝胰腺等副产物中富含甲壳素、虾青素、氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸、矿物质等营养成分, 具有较高的开发价值。

英文摘要:

      Objective To comprehensively analyze and evaluate the nutritional composition of various parts of Procambarus clarkia of different sizes and genders. Methods The nutrition of each part was evaluated comprehensively by measuring the basic nutrients, amino acids, fatty acids and mineral indicators in the hepatopancreas, muscles, shells and pincers of Procambarus clarkia of different sizes and genders. Results The edible rate of female Procambarus clarkia was higher than that of male Procambarus clarkia at the same sizes, with the highest edible rate of 30.28% for medium-sized female Procambarus clarkia; the highest moisture content was in the muscle of medium-sized male Procambarus clarkia, with 81.72%±0.66%; the highest ash content was in the shell of medium-sized male Procambarus clarkia, with 38.42%±0.31%; the highest protein content was in the muscle of large-sized female Procambarus clarkia, with 17.37%±6.00%; the highest fat content was in the hepatopancreas of large-sized female Procambarus clarkia, with 25.00%±3.29%; and the highest chitin content was in the hepatopancreas of large-sized female Procambarus clarkia. The highest chitin content was in the pincers of large-sized female Procambarus clarkia with 14.55%±2.55%; the highest astaxanthin content was in the shell of large-sized male Procambarus clarkia with 106.93 μg/g; the hepatopancreas and muscles of Procambarus clarkia had higher content of Zn, Se and Fe; the shells and pincers of Procambarus clarkia had higher content of Ca; the muscles of Procambarus clarkia had higher content of P, K and Na. Conclusion Medium-sized female Procambarus clarkia have greater edible value, and various types of Procambarus clarkia head shells, pincers, hepatopancreas and other by-products are rich in chitin, astaxanthin, amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals and other nutrients, which have high development value.