α-乳白蛋白对婴幼儿生长发育的影响研究进展

Research progress on effects of α-lactalbumin on growth and development of infants

中文关键词:  α-乳白蛋白  婴幼儿  生长发育  色氨酸

英文关键词:α-lactalbumin  infants  growth and development  tryptophan

中文摘要:

      α-乳白蛋白是哺乳动物和人类乳汁中的一种钙结合蛋白, 占母乳总蛋白质的20%~25%, 其结构与溶菌酶相似, 含有丰富的赖氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、半胱氨酸和色氨酸等必需氨基酸, 具有多种营养保健功能, 在食品生产中具有广阔的应用发展前景, 受到大众广泛的关注。目前, 我国6月龄以下纯母乳喂养率低, 婴幼儿配方乳粉与母乳对婴儿健康生长至关重要。大量研究表明α-乳白蛋白能够促进神经发育、调节睡眠节律并改善抑郁情绪; 还能够提高铁和锌的吸收利用率、促进消化道功能完善和胃肠道发育, 对于婴幼儿早期的营养至关重要。本文从α-乳白蛋白的氨基酸组成和结构, 对婴幼儿体格、大脑神经以及胃肠道发育的影响等方面综述了国内外相关研究进展, 以期为婴幼儿配方乳粉的升级和“母乳化”的推广应用提供理论参考。

英文摘要:

      α-lactalbumin is a calcium-binding protein in mammal and human milk, accounting for 20%?25% of the total protein of human milk. Its structure is similar to lysozyme, and it is rich in essential amino acids such as lysine, leucine, isoleucine, cysteine and tryptophan. It has a variety of nutritional and health functions, and has broad application prospects in food production and has received extensive attention from the public. At present, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months of age is low in China. Infant formula and human milk are essential for the health growth of infants. A large number of studies have shown that α-lactalbumin can promote neural development, regulate sleep rhythm and improve depression. It could also improve the absorption and utilization of iron and zinc, and promote the improvement of gastrointestinal function and gastrointestinal development, which is essential for early infant nutrition. In order to provide theoretical reference for the upgrading of infant formula milk powder and the application of “human milk”, this paper reviewed the amino acid composition and structure of α-lactalbumin and its effects on the physical, brain and gastrointestinal development of infants.