天然可降解材料的研究进展

Research progress of natural biodegradable materials

中文关键词:  可降解材料  淀粉  蛋白质  多糖  脂质  食品

英文关键词:biodegradable materials  starch  protein  polysaccharides  lipid

中文摘要:

      塑料制品造成的“白色污染”愈演愈烈, 天然可降解材料的开发被认为是解决这一问题的有效方法之一。蛋白质、多糖和脂质作为来源广泛、价格低廉的天然物质, 是天然可降解材料制备的理想原料。但是, 由于其自身结构和性质的影响, 天然可降解材料的力学性能、阻隔性能和耐热性能等往往难以与不可降解塑料媲美。目前, 人们主要通过不同原料复配、材料改性以及采用不同加工方式来改善天然可降解材料的性能, 使其具备替代不可降解塑料的潜能。本文对近年来常见的蛋白质、多糖和脂质基天然可降解材料的研究进展进行了总结, 最后对天然可降解材料目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势进行了展望, 以期对天然可降解材料的进一步深入研究和实际应用提供参考和帮助。

英文摘要:

      The “white pollution” caused by plastic products is intensifying, and the development of natural biodegradable materials is considered to be one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, as natural substances with wide sources and low prices, are ideal raw materials for the preparation of natural biodegradable materials. However, due to the influence of their own structure and properties, the mechanical properties, barrier properties and heat resistance of natural biodegradable materials are often difficult to match with non-biodegradable plastics. At present, people mainly improve the performance of natural biodegradable materials by mixing different raw materials, modifying materials and using different processing methods to make them have the potential to replace non-biodegradable plastics. This paper reviewed the most advanced research progress of natural biodegradable materials of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids in recent years. Finally, provided the perspectives on current problems and share our outlook of natural biodegradable materials to provide reference and help for further in-depth research and practical application of natural biodegradable materials.