基于信号放大策略的适配体电化学传感器检测真菌毒素研究进展

Research progress of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of mycotoxins based on signal amplification strategy

中文关键词:  适配体  电化学传感器  真菌毒素  传感策略

英文关键词:aptamer  electrochemical sensor  mycotoxin  sensing strategy

中文摘要:

      真菌毒素是真菌分泌的一类次级代谢产物, 是农产品的主要污染物之一, 具有强毒性。人畜误食会导致急性、慢性中毒症状, 严重危害农产品安全, 威胁人类健康。开发快速、超灵敏、高通量、高性价比的传感技术十分重要。适配体是一段单链DNA或RNA, 具有特异性良好、合成简单、易于化学修饰、稳定性高等优势, 且可以与基于核酸的传感及扩增策略相结合, 具有广阔应用前景。电化学传感器因其反应快速、灵敏度高、成本低等优势受到广泛关注。适配体电化学传感器已成为目前检测真菌毒素的有力工具。本文综述了适配体电化学传感器常见的信号传感方式, 主要关注基于核酸和纳米材料的信号放大策略, 以及它们在检测应用中的优势与不足; 最后对该技术的发展趋势进行了展望, 为基于适配体的真菌毒素电化学传感器的深入研究与应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Mycotoxins are a class of secondary metabolites secreted by fungi and are one of the main contaminants of agricultural products, which are highly toxic. Accidental ingestion by humans and animals can lead to acute and chronic poisoning symptoms, seriously endangering the safety of agricultural products and threatening human health. It is important to develop fast, ultra-sensitive, high-throughput, and cost-effective sensing technologies. The aptamer is a single-stranded DNA or RNA, which has the advantages of good specificity, simple synthesis, facile chemical modification and high stability, and can be combined with nucleic acid-based sensing and amplification strategies, which has broad application prospects. Electrochemical sensors have received a lot of attention because of their fast response, high sensitivity and low cost. Electrochemical aptasensors have become powerful tools for the detection of fungal toxins. This paper reviewed common signal sensing approaches for electrochemical aptasensors, focusing on signal amplification strategies based on nucleic acids, nanomaterials, and their advantages and disadvantages for detection applications, prospected the future development of the current technology, which provides a reference for the in-depth research and application of electrochemical aptasensors for mycotoxins.