电化学和光纳米探针技术用于重金属离子快速检测的研究进展

Research progress on electrochemistry and optical nanoprobe techniques for rapid detection of heavy metal ions

中文关键词:  重金属离子  电化学  荧光探针  拉曼探针  环境污染

英文关键词:heavy metal ions  electrochemistry  fluorescent probe  Raman probe  environmental pollution

中文摘要:

      随着现代工业的快速发展, 重金属污染问题日益严重, 对人类健康造成了严重威胁, 因此发展快速、灵敏、准确、易携带的重金属离子检测方法至关重要。电化学分析作为一种特殊的化学分析方法, 因其选择性好、操作安全、分析简便的优点被应用于食品检测、环境监测、生物医疗各方面。光纳米探针技术在检测分析物质时, 具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简便的优点。电化学分析法和光纳米探针技术在检测重金属离子时, 克服了传统重金属方法检测流程烦琐、检测成本高、操作过程复杂、操作要求高的不足, 成为当前重金属离子快速检测的研究热点。因此, 本文对重金属污染现状、电化学和光纳米探针技术检测重金属的原理以及研究进展进行阐述, 并对其未来发展趋势进行展望, 以期帮助检测人员优化改进检测方法, 为重金属离子的快速检测提供方法上的支持。

英文摘要:

      With the rapid development of modern industry, the problem of heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more serious, which poses a serious threat to human health, so it is very important to develop rapid, sensitive, accurate and easy-to-carry detection methods for heavy metal ions. As a special chemical analysis method, electrochemical analysis is used in food detection, environmental monitoring and biomedical aspects because of its good selectivity, safe operation and simple analysis. Optical nanoprobe technology has the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity and simple operation in the detection and analysis of substances. When detecting heavy metal ions, electrochemical analysis and optical nanoprobe technology overcome the shortcomings of traditional heavy metal detection methods, such as tedious detection process, high detection cost, complex operation process and high operation requirements. It has become a research highlight in the rapid detection of heavy metal ions. This paper described the current situation of heavy metal pollution, the principle and research progress of electrochemical and optical nanoprobe technology in the detection of heavy metals, and look forward to its future development trend, in order to help the detection personnel optimize and improve the detection methods, and provide methodological support for the rapid detection of heavy metal ions.