植物源生物活性肽的研究进展

Research progress of plant-derived bioactive peptides

中文关键词:  植物  生物活性肽  功能  制备

英文关键词:plant  bioactive peptides  function  preparation

中文摘要:

      生物活性肽是一类对生物机体有益且易被机体吸收的小分子聚合物, 是由2~20个氨基酸组成的蛋白质片段, 其功能性质由氨基酸组成和排列顺序决定。植物是生物活性肽的天然宝库, 植物源生物活性肽种类丰富、结构新颖, 是近年来的研究热点。生物活性肽被视为营养保健品和功能食品成分, 除了含有丰富的营养价值之外, 还具有抗氧化、降血压、抑菌、降血脂和维持血糖水平平衡等功能, 可利用其功能治疗、控制和预防慢性疾病, 对食品、医药和美容等领域的发展具有重要意义。本文综述了近5年从植物中获取生物活性肽的最新进展, 系统地总结了抗氧化肽、降压肽、抗菌肽、降血糖肽和降血脂肽的作用机制, 与目前最常见的健康问题进行对应说明。对生物活性肽的制备方法、分离纯化和鉴定技术进行总结比较, 并对生物活性肽的未来发展趋势以及在实际应用中遇到的问题进行展望, 为未来植物源生物活性肽的进一步研究开发与应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Bioactive peptides are a class of small molecule polymers which are beneficial to biological organism and easily absorbed by the organism, and are protein fragments composed of 2?20 amino acids, and their functional properties are determined by the composition and arrangement order of amino acids. Plant is a natural treasure house of bioactive peptides, plant-derived bioactive peptides are rich in variety and novel in structure, which is a hot research topic in recent years. Bioactive peptides are regarded as nutritional health products and functional food ingredients, which not only contain rich nutritional value, but also have functions such as antioxidant, hypotensive, antibacterial, hypolipidemic and maintaining the balance of blood glucose level, which can be utilized to treat, control and prevent chronic diseases, and are of great significance to the development of food, medicine and cosmetic fields. This paper reviewed the recent progress of bioactive peptides obtained from plants in the last 5 years, systematically summarized the mechanisms of action of antioxidant peptides, antihypertensive peptides, antibacterial peptides, hypoglycemic peptides and hypolipidemic peptides, corresponding to the most common health problems at present, summarized and compared the preparation methods, isolation and purification and identification techniques of bioactive peptides, and prospected the future development trend of bioactive peptides and the problems encountered in practical applications, so as to provide reference for further research development and application of plant-derived bioactive peptides in the future.