药食同源生物活性物质降脂减重机制研究进展

Progress in understanding the lipid-lowering and weight-reducing mechanism of medicinal and edible homologous compounds

中文关键词:  药食同源  生物活性物质  降脂  减重  分子机制

英文关键词:medicinal and edible  homologous compounds  lipid reduction  weight loss  molecular mechanism

中文摘要:

      近年来, 我国居民生活水平逐步提高, 营养供给能力显著增强, 高脂食物摄入量陡然增加。过量的脂肪摄入会破坏机体能量代谢和物质代谢平衡、引发系统炎症, 诱导肥胖、糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝等慢性代谢疾病的发生。基于此, 美国农业部和中国营养学会分别修订了各自的膳食指南, 以期通过平衡膳食改善过量脂肪摄入诱发的系统炎症和代谢紊乱。药食同源作为平衡膳食的重要组成部分, 其干预缓解肥胖发生和发展的作用效果及机制备受关注。本文从药食同源生物活性物质概念出发, 聚焦其降脂减重的作用效果, 从降低食欲、调节脂质吸收和代谢、干预脂肪细胞的功能、影响能量消耗和脂质储存、调节肠道屏障功能和改善肠道菌群等方面综述药食同源生物活性物质降脂减重的分子机制, 并对其未来研究方向进行了展望, 以期为功能性食品及药品领域的开发和综合利用提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

      In recent years, our people’s living standards and nutritional supply capacity have been continuously enhanced and the intake of high-fat food has sharply increased. Excessive fat intake can disrupt the body’s energy metabolism, cause systemic inflammation, and induce the occurrence of chronic metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. To combat this epidemic, U.S. Department of Agriculture and Chinese Nutrition Society revised their respective dietary guidelines to improve systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders induced by excessive fat intake. As an important part of a balanced diet, medicinal and edible homologous diet has attracted attention. Starting from the concept of medicinal and edible homologous compounds, this paper concerned the lipid-lowering and weight-reducing effects, clarified its molecular mechanisms from reducing appetite, regulating lipid absorption and metabolism, intervening in fat cell functions, affecting energy consumption and lipid storage, regulating intestinal barrier function, and improving gut microbiota, looked forward to the future research directions of medicinal and edible homologous compounds, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for their development and comprehensive utilization in the field of functional food and medicine.