焦亚硫酸钠在虾类黑变控制中的应用研究

Study on the application of sodium metabisulfite in preventing melanosis of Trachypenaeus curvirostris

中文关键词:  鹰爪糙对虾  黑变  焦亚硫酸钠  处理工艺  SO2残留量

英文关键词:Trachypenaeus curvirostris  melanosis  sodium metabisulfite  treatment process  SO2 residue

中文摘要:

      目的 探究焦亚硫酸钠预防鹰爪糙对虾黑变的最佳条件。方法 以鹰爪糙对虾为研究对象, 采用蒸馏法检测经焦亚硫酸钠处理后的对虾中SO2残留量及其在冷藏过程中的变化规律, 采用感官评分法进行防黑效果评价。结果 在符合国家标准限量(即SO2残留量不超过0.1 g/kg)前提下, 适宜浓度的焦亚硫酸钠溶液处理可以有效延缓鹰爪糙对虾的黑变, 且焦亚硫酸钠主要在贮藏前期起到延缓黑变的作用。其中, 3.0 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡对虾4 min可以有效延缓对虾黑变开始时间, 降低黑变程度。5.0 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡对虾30 s, 在贮藏前96 h内的黑变抑制效果更为明显。尽管对虾经该浓度的焦亚硫酸钠溶液处理后, 虾体内的SO2残留量略高于国家标准限量, 但SO2在贮藏过程中含量会发生减少, 贮藏12 h时即降至国家标准限量以下。结论 3.0 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡对虾4 min或5.0 g/L焦亚硫酸钠溶液浸泡对虾30 s, 两种处理工艺均可显著抑制鹰爪糙对虾贮藏过程中的黑变。从防黑变效果来看, 焦亚硫酸钠高浓度、短时间处理组的防黑变效果更优。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the best conditions of sodium metabisulfite preventing melanosis of Trachypenaeus curvirostris. Methods Taking Trachypenaeus curvirostris as the research object, the SO2 residue in shrimp treated with sodium metabisulfite and its change in the refrigeration process were detected by distillation method, and the anti-black effect was evaluated by sensory scoring method. Results Under the premise of complying with the national standard limit (the residual amount of SO2 did not exceed 0.1 g/kg), the treatment of sodium metabisulfite solution at a suitable concentration could effectively delay the blackness of Trachypenaeus curvirostris, and sodium metabisulfite mainly played a role in delaying blackness in the early stage of storage. Among them, soaking shrimp in 3.0 g/L sodium metabisulfite solution for 4 min could effectively delay the start time of shrimp melanosis and reduce the degree of melanosis. Shrimp was soaked in 5.0 g/L sodium metabisulfite solution for 30 s, and the blackness inhibition effect was more obvious within 96 h before storage. Although the residue of SO2 in shrimp after being treated with this concentration of sodium metabisulfite solution was slightly higher than the national standard limit, the SO2 content in the storage process would decrease, and it would drop below the national standard limit when stored for 12 h. Conclusion 3.0 g/L sodium metabisulfite solution soaked shrimp for 4 min or 5.0 g/L sodium metabisulfite solution soaked shrimp for 30 s, both treatment processes can significantly inhibit the blackness during the storage process of Trachypenaeus curvirostri. From the perspective of anti-blacking effect, the anti-blacking effect of sodium metabisulfite with high concentration and short-term treatment group is better.