牛乳过敏原β-乳球蛋白核酸适配体在食品检测中的应用

Application of bovine milk allergen β-lacto-globulin aptamers in food detection

中文关键词:  食物过敏  牛乳β-乳球蛋白  核酸适配体  筛选

英文关键词:food allergy  bovine β-lacto-globulin  aptamer  screening

中文摘要:

      食物过敏已成为全球广泛关注的食品安全问题。目前, 食物过敏尚无根治疗法, 避免摄入含过敏原的食物是患者的最佳选择。牛乳作为八大过敏性食物之一, 建立快速灵敏的检测方法对保护牛乳过敏患者至关重要。β-乳球蛋白是牛乳中的主要过敏原, 可以作为检测食品中是否含牛乳蛋白的有效标志物。核酸适配体是通过指数富集的配体系统进化技术筛选获得的, 能与靶标特异性结合的单链寡核苷酸。作为一种新型识别元件, 核酸适配体具有易合成、易修饰、费用低、分子量小、稳定性好、亲和力高等优点, 在快速高灵敏检测等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文简要概述了核酸适配体的筛选流程与筛选方法, 重点综述了β-乳球蛋白核酸适配体的筛选及其在检测方面的应用现状, 并对核酸适配体技术的未来发展方向进行了展望, 以期促进其在过敏原检测等领域的应用。

英文摘要:

      Food allergy has become a food safety issue that arouse wide spread attention globally. At present, there is no cure for food allergy, and avoid eating allergen food is the best choice for patients. Milk as one of the 8 major allergenic foods, development of rapid and sensitive detection methods is imperative to protect cow’s milk allergy patients. β-lacto-globulin is the main allergen in milk, which could be as an effective biomarker for detection of milk protein. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides screened in vitro by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, which can bind specifically to targets. As a new kind of recognition element, aptamers have the advantages of easy synthesis, easy modification, low cost, low molecular weight, good stability and high affinity, they have shown broad application prospects in fast and high sensitivity detection. This paper briefly summarized the screening process and screening method of nucleic acid aptamers, and mainly introduced the screening of β-lacto- globulin aptamers and their application status in the development of detection methods, and prospected the research trend of aptamer technology in the future, with a view to promote its application in the field of allergen detection.