药食两用天麻的安全性评价研究进展

Research progress on safety evaluation of edible and medicinal Gastrodia elata

中文关键词:  天麻  药食两用  天麻制品  毒理学试验  食用安全性  临床安全性

英文关键词:Gastrodia elata  edible and medicinal  Gastrodia elata products  toxicological test  edible safety  clinical safety

中文摘要:

      天麻是我国的名贵中药材, 作为药食同源物质被广泛食用及药用。国家相关部门已经批准, 将天麻按照传统既是食品又是中药材的物质进行试点管理。随着天麻在现代食品领域的广泛应用, 有关天麻食品、功能性食品、活性物质、复方制剂等天麻制品的研究越来越多。就目前关于天麻制品研究现状而言, 部分研究集中于其食用安全性评价, 且其毒理学研究还不够深入, 多为急性、遗传毒性试验, 而亚急性、长期毒性试验的数据较少; 天麻素、天麻复方制剂的临床安全性评估多为联合用药评价分析, 缺乏单独使用的安全性数据。因此, 探讨天麻的食用安全性对天麻制品开发具有一定的参考意义。本文概述了天麻制品的毒理学研究、临床安全性评价及环境污染风险评估研究现状, 为未来天麻制品的安全性评价研究提供新方向和思路。

英文摘要:

      Gastrodia elata (G. elata) is a precious Chinese medicinal material, which is widely consumed and used as a medicinal and edible homologous substance. The relevant national departments have approved the pilot management of G. elata in accordance with the traditional substances that are both food and Chinese medicinal materials. With the wide application of G. elata in the field of modern food, more and more studies have been conducted on G. elata foods, functional foods, active substances, compound preparations and other G. elata products. In terms of the current status of research on G. elata products, some studies focus on the evaluation of its edible safety, and its toxicological test is not deep enough, mostly for acute, genetic toxicity tests, but less data on subacute, long-term toxicity tests. The clinical safety evaluation of gastrodin and G. elata compound preparation is mostly combined drug evaluation analysis, and there is no safety data for single use. Therefore, exploring the edible safety of G. elata has certain reference significance for the development of G. elata products. This paper summarized the toxicological research, clinical safety evaluation and environmental pollution risk assessment of G. elata products, and provides new directions and ideas for future safety evaluation of G. elata products.