核酸适配体生物传感器用于内分泌干扰物快速检测研究进展

Advanced in the rapid detection of endocrine disrupting chemicals by the aptamer-based biosensor

中文关键词:  内分泌干扰物  核酸适配体  现场检测  生物传感器

英文关键词:endocrine disrupting chemicals  aptamers  on-site detection  biosensor

中文摘要:

      内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals, EDCs)是一种外源性化学物质, 食物是人体摄入这些化学物的主要来源, 当人体摄入受到环境或食物接触材料污染的食物, 其中的EDCs很容易进入人体并蓄积, 能在不同程度上干扰内源性激素系统, 导致不良健康影响。常用的仪器分析方法耗时费力且成本高昂, 难以满足现场快速检测的要求。核酸适配体是通过体外指数富集的配基系统进化技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, SELEX)策略系统筛选出的单链寡核苷酸分子, 具有易合成、易修饰、性质稳定、特异性好和亲和常数高等优势, 已广泛应用于生物传感检测方法的构建。基于核酸适配体识别的电化学或光学的EDCs快速检测方法具有使用简便、响应快速、便于现场筛查使用的优势, 可以与实验室精准检测技术优势互补。本文综述了近年来基于核酸适配体识别构建的电化学、光学传感器对食品中EDCs快速检测的研究进展, 总结了该领域面临的挑战和发展方向, 为核酸适配体传感检测技术在EDCs识别深入研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals, and foods are the main source of these chemicals ingested by the human body. When the human body ingests food contaminated by the environment or food contact materials, EDCs can easily enter the human body and accumulate, which can interfere with endogenous hormone systems to varying degrees, leading to adverse health effects. The commonly used instrumental analysis method is time-consuming and costly, which is difficult to meet the requirements of rapid on-site detection. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotide molecules screened by in vitro systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) strategy system, which have advantages of easy synthesis, easy modification, stable properties, good specificity, and high affinity constant, which are widely used in the construction of biosensor detection methods. Electrochemical or optical rapid detection methods for EDCs based on aptamer recognition have the advantages of simple use, quick response and convenient field screening, which can complement the advantages of precise detection technology in laboratory. This paper reviewed the research progress of electrochemical and optical sensors based on aptamer recognition for rapid detection of EDCs in food in recent years, and summarized the challenges and development direction in this field, which provides a reference for further study of aptamer sensor detection technology in the identification of EDCs.