基于金纳米粒子的比色法在食品安全检测中的应用

Application of colorimetric method based on gold nanoparticles in food safety detection

中文关键词:  金纳米粒子  比色法  食品安全

英文关键词:gold nanoparticle  colorimetry  food safety

中文摘要:

      金纳米粒子(gold nanoparticle, AuNPs)是一种有着良好的光学性质, 具有类似天然酶活性的纳米材料, 通过改变AuNPs的尺寸、形貌, 进行表面修饰, 优化局部环境及改变催化条件等手段, 可以改变AuNPs聚集状态, 其吸收峰发生变化, 从而引起溶液颜色发生改变, 也可以改变AuNPs的类酶活性, 促进有机底物发生颜色变化, 提高方法的灵敏度。基于AuNPs的比色法以其操作简便、可视性强、灵敏度高、检测成本低等优点在食品快速检测中有着很大的优势, 尤其是近年来随着纳米技术的快速发展, 此方法成为食品安全检测领域的研究热点。本文介绍了AuNPs的制备方法, 总结了基于AuNPs的比色法的显色机制, 重点介绍了近年来此方法在食品安全检测中的最新应用进展, 主要包括金属离子、农兽药残留、真菌毒素、微生物等检测方法的最新研究成果, 对两种显色机制的基于AuNPs的比色法在食品安全检测中的应用进行了对比, 就目前存在的问题提出建议, 对未来发展前景作了简要展望, 以期将此方法更好地应用于食品快速检测及现场风险筛查, 及时、快速、有效地从源头确保食品安全。

英文摘要:

      Gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) is a kind of nano material with good optical properties and similar natural enzyme activity. By changing the size and morphology of AuNPs, surface modification, optimizing the local environment and changing the catalytic conditions, the aggregation state of AuNPs can be changed, and the absorption peak of AuNPs can be changed, thus causing the color of solution to change, and the enzymatic activity of AuNPs can also be changed to promote the color change of organic substrates, improve the sensitivity of the method. Colorimetric method based on AuNPs is of great advantages in rapid detection of food due to its simple operation, strong visibility, high sensitivity and relatively low cost. Especially with the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years, colorimetry based on AuNPs has become a research hotspot in the field of food safety detection. This paper introduced the preparation method of AuNPs, summarized mechanisms of colorimetry based on AuNPs, and mainly introduced the latest applications of colorimetry based on AuNP in the field of food safety in recent years, including researches on metal ions, pesticide and veterinary drug residues, mycotoxins, microorganisms, etc. The application of 2 kinds of colorimetric methods based on AuNPs in food safety detection is compared, the existing problems are proposed, and the future development prospects are briefly prospected, so as to better apply this method to food rapid detection and on-site risk screening, and ensure food safety from the source in a timely, rapid and effective manner.