高花青素茶呈色与花青素积累机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of color generation and anthocyanin accumulation in anthocyanin-rich tea

中文关键词:  茶树  花青素  品种选育  呈色机制  积累机制

英文关键词:tea plant  anthocyanin  variety breeding  coloring mechanism  accumulation mechanism

中文摘要:

      茶叶(Camellia sinensis)是世界上最受欢迎的无酒精饮料, 也是最古老的饮料。中国作为茶叶的发源地, 拥有丰富的茶叶资源。高花青素紫芽茶作为一种特殊的茶叶变种, 其中的花青素不仅有利于提高茶树自身抵抗逆境的能力, 还有显著的抗氧化、抗肿瘤、消炎及预防心脑血管疾病等保健功效, 越来越受到人们的关注。近年来, 对于高花青素紫芽茶树的研究主要集中在育种和茶叶适制性, 以及花青素的生物合成机制。本文综述了近年来高花青素茶树的育种工作、紫芽茶中的花青素成分、高花青素茶的叶片呈色机制以及花青素合成与积累的生物学机制, 并对今后的发展方向提出展望, 以期更加全面的理解花青素的合成、转运和降解机制, 构建健全的高花青素茶种质体系, 为进一步开发利用高花青素茶资源提供理论依据, 也为其他植物花青素的研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Tea (camellia sinensis) is the most popular non-alcoholic beverage and the oldest drink in the world. As the birthplace of tea, China has abundant tea resources. Anthocyanin-rich purple tea as a special variety of tea, its anthocyanin not only benefit to improve the tea tree’s ability to resist adversity, but also have significant health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular disease prevention, which are receiving more and more attention. In recent years, the hotspot of anthocyanin-rich purple tea mainly focuses on breeding and tea suitability, as well as the biosynthetic mechanism of anthocyanin. This paper reviewed the research status of anthocyanin-rich tea breeding, as well as anthocyanin composition in purple tea, the mechanism of leaf coloring formation in anthocyanin-rich tea, and mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in recent years, presented an outlook on the development direction about anthocyanin-rich tea. In order to understand comprehensively the biosynthesis, transport and degradation mechanism of anthocyanin, and built a germplasm system on anthocyanin-rich tea, which provides a theoretical basis for further utilization of anthocyanin-rich tea resource and a reference for the study of other anthocyanin-rich plants.