长江中下游小龙虾全产业链食品质量安全现状分析

Analysis of the current situation of food quality and safety in the whole Procambarus clarkii industrial chain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

中文关键词:  小龙虾  食品质量安全  重金属  养殖投入品  微生物  哈夫病

英文关键词:Procambarus clarkii  food safety  heavy metal  aquaculture inputs  microorganism  Haff disease

中文摘要:

      小龙虾(Procambarus clarkii)是近年来兴起的重要淡水经济虾类。“十三五”期间, 小龙虾相关产业迅速发展, 在整个长江中下游地区形成了完整的产业链。小龙虾产业规模庞大, 从田间到餐桌涉及多个环节, 因此其食品质量安全问题也逐渐成为社会关注的焦点。本文介绍了小龙虾全产业链食品质量安全的总体状况, 围绕养殖、加工、储运、流通等环节中涉及的主要外源风险因子, 包括重金属、养殖投入品、微生物的污染现状和存在的健康风险进行总结分析。对于诸如微塑料、全氟化合物和有机磷阻燃剂等新型污染物, 总结分析了其在小龙虾中的污染现状及现有的筛查技术。对于内源性危害物, 包括小龙虾过敏原和小龙虾与哈夫病的相关研究, 也进行了总结, 为小龙虾产业的健康发展提供理论依据, 促进产业整体质量的不断提升。

英文摘要:

      The crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is an important freshwater economic shrimp that has emerged in recent years. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the crayfish-related industry developed rapidly, forming a complete industrial chain throughout the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The crayfish industry is large in scale and involves many links from field to table, so its food quality and safety issues have gradually become a focus of social concern. This paper presented the general situation of food quality and safety in the whole crayfish industry chain, summarized and analyzed the main exogenous risk factors involved in farming, processing, storage and transportation, and distribution, including the current situation of contamination and health risks of heavy metals, farming inputs and microorganisms. For new contaminants such as microplastics, perfluorinated compounds and organophosphorus flame retardants, the current status of their contamination in crayfish and the existing screening techniques were summarized and analyzed. Studies on endogenous hazards, including crayfish allergens and crayfish and Haff disease were also summarized to provide a theoretical basis for the healthy development of the crayfish industry and promote the continuous improvement of the overall quality of the industry.