鹿茸物种来源DNA条形码鉴定技术研究

Research on DNA barcoding authentication for species origin of deer antler

中文关键词:  鹿茸  DNA条形码  线粒体细胞色素b基因  物种鉴定

英文关键词:deer antler  DNA barcoding  cytochrome b gene  species identification

中文摘要:

      目的 评估不同DNA条形码技术在梅花鹿鹿茸和马鹿鹿茸中的鉴定能力。方法 以线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I基因(cytochrome oxidase I gene, COI)和线粒体细胞色素b基因(cytochrome b gene, Cytb)为靶基因对鹿茸样品进行鉴定, 并对两种基因的鉴别能力进行比较。结果 Cytb对梅花鹿和马鹿的鉴别效率高于COI，且可以将所有鹿茸鉴定至种水平。将Cytb作为目标片段, 建立了鹿茸中物种来源鉴定的DNA条形码方法。利用该方法对市场上销售的53份鹿茸样品进行标签符合性鉴定。发现仅有21份样品与标签标识物种相符; 25份样品存在将低价鹿茸标为高价鹿茸的现象; 7份样品缺少明确的物种信息。结论 本研究建立了基于Cytb片段的鹿茸物种来源DNA条形码鉴定技术, 可以有效鉴定出市售鹿茸样品的物种来源, 并发现鹿茸市场存在虚假标签标识现象。本研究结果可以为监管部门规范鹿茸产品标签标识提供技术支撑。

英文摘要:

      Objective To assess the capabilities of DNA barcoding technology in identifying different Cervus nippon antler and Cervus elaphus antler. Methods Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) and mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cytb) were used as target genes to identify antler samples, and the discriminatory ability of the two genes was compared. Results Cytb was more efficient than COI for discriminating between Cervus nippon and Cervus elaphus, and could identify all antlers to the species level. Thus, Cytb was used as the target fragment to establish a DNA barcoding method for species origin identification in deer antlers. Fifty-three antler samples sold in the market were identified for label conformity using this method. Only 21 samples were consistent with the labeled species; 25 samples were found with the substitution of high valued species by low-value species; 7 samples lacked specific information on the species. Conclusion This study has established a DNA barcoding technology based on Cytb to identify the species origin of deer antlers, which can effectively identify the species of commercial deer antlers and find mislabeling in the antler market. The results of this study can provide technical support for the regulatory authorities to regulate the labeling of antler products.