琯溪蜜柚花不同生长期挥发油累积规律及挥发性成分变化

Accumulation law of volatile oil and the change of volatile components in Guanxi Citrus grandis flower in different growth stages

中文关键词:  琯溪蜜柚花  挥发油得率  挥发性成分

英文关键词:Guanxi Citrus grandis flower  yield of volatile oil  volatile component

中文摘要:

      目的 探索琯溪蜜柚(Citrus grandis)花不同生长期的挥发油累积规律及挥发性成分变化规律。方法 采用五点采样法在琯溪蜜柚初花期、盛花期及末花期采集开放状态为Ⅲ级的花朵, 利用蒸汽回流提取的方法测定挥发油得率; 采用五点采样法在琯溪蜜柚初花期及盛花期采集3种开放程度的花朵, 运用顶空气相色谱-质谱法(headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, HS-GC-MS)分别进行挥发性成分测定, 以此探索其挥发性成分的变化规律。结果 柚花挥发油得率最高的时期为初花期, 得率为0.18%, 最低的时期为末花期, 得率为0.03%。经GC-MS分析得知: 柚花的初花期及盛花期均含有β-蒎烯、芳樟醇、β-罗勒烯和桧烯。其中, 初花期Ⅰ、II级主要含有β-蒎烯、β-罗勒烯和桧烯; 初花期III级至盛花期主要含有芳樟醇、β-蒎烯和β-罗勒烯。结论 柚花挥发油含量在初花期最高, 其次是盛花期; 主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)可知, 不同生长期及同一生长期不同开放程度的花, 挥发性成分均存在一定差异, 为相关产业的发展提供一定的理论依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the accumulation law of essential oil and the change law of volatile components in Guanxi Citrus grandis flowers at different growth stages. Methods The five point sampling method was used to collect the flowers with opening status of grade III in the initial flowering stage, full flowering stage and final flowering stage of Guanxi Citrus grandis. The yield of volatile oil was determined by steam reflux extraction. The five point sampling method was used to collect 3 kinds of grades of flowers with different opening degrees in the initial flowering stage and full flowering stage of Guanxi Citrus grandis, and the volatile components were determined by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS), so as to explore the variation law of volatile components in different stages of pomelo flowers. Results The highest yield of volatile oil from the flower was in the initial flowering stage, with a yield of 0.18%, and the lowest was in the final flowering stage, with a yield of 0.03%. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that β-pinene, linalool, β-ocimene and sabinene was contained both in the initial and the full flowering stages. Among them, in the initial flowering stage, grade I and II mainly contain β-pinene, β-ocimene and sabinene; from grade III at this stage to the full flowering stage, it mainly contained linalool, β-pinene and β-ocimene. Conclusion The content of volatile oil in the flower is the highest in the initial flowering stage, followed by the full flowering stage; principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there are some differences in volatile components of flowers with different growth periods and different opening degrees in the same life, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of related industries.