红美人柑橘幼果生长期营养物质及苦味物质变化规律

Changes rule of nutrition substances and bitter substances in young fruits of ‘Hongmeiren’ citrus during growing periods

中文关键词:  红美人柑橘  幼果  营养成分  柠檬苦素类化合物  生物碱

英文关键词:‘Hongmeiren’ citrus  young fruit  nutrients  limonin compounds  alkaloid

中文摘要:

      目的 比较不同生长期红美人柑橘幼果营养成分、苦味物质及生物碱活性成分的变化规律。方法 以7~10月不同生长期的红美人柑橘幼果为研究对象, 监测其总酚、总黄酮、果胶、还原糖等营养成分、柠檬苦素类化合物、辛弗林等指标及其变化规律。结果 随着生长期延长, 幼果中总酸(total acid, TA)、可溶性固形物(total soluble solids, TSS)、还原糖、总黄酮含量均先上升后下降, 而还原型抗坏血酸含量则先下降后上升, 总酚、果胶含量呈下降趋势, A、B生长期(7月中旬~8月上旬、8月中旬~9月上旬)幼果中总果胶、总黄酮含量最高分别达(22.67±0.03) mg/g和(5.38±0.02) mg/g, 可作为天然抗氧化剂加工和果胶提取原料资源。此外, 幼果中柠檬苦素和诺米林含量呈先上升后下降趋势, 活性成分辛弗林含量先快速下降后趋于平缓, A生长期幼果中含量最高[(2071.13±16.96) μg/g FW]。结论 红美人柑橘幼果可作为果胶、辛弗林等活性成分和天然抗氧化剂的提取原料, 提高其副产物利用率和经济价值。

英文摘要:

      Objective To study the changes rule in the nutrients, bitter substances, and active ingredients of alkaloid of young fruits of ‘Hongmeiren’ citrus during different growth periods. Methods Taking the young fruits of ‘Hongmeiren’ citrus in different growth periods from July to October as the research object, the nutritional components such as total phenols, total flavonoids, pectin and reducing sugar and so on, limonin compounds and synephrine and other indexes and their change rules were monitored. Results The extension of the growth period, the total acid (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), reducing sugars, and total flavonoids in the young fruits increased firstly and then decreased, while the content of reduced ascorbic acid decreased firstly and then increased, and the content of total phenols and pectin decreased, the total content of pectin and flavonoids reached the highest [(22.67±0.03) mg/g and (5.38±0.02) mg/g] in the young fruits during A and B growth period (mid July to early August, mid August to early September), which could be used as the raw material resources of natural antioxidant and pectin extraction. In addition, the content of limonin and nomilin in young fruits increased first and then decreased, the content of synephrine in young fruits first decreased rapidly and then tended to be flat, the content of young fruits during the growth period of A was the highest [(2071.13±16.96) μg/g FW]. Conclusion The young fruits of ‘Hongmeiren’ citrus can be the raw material for extracting pectin and synephrine active ingredients and natural antioxidant, which improves its utilization rate and economic value.