克氏原螯虾中药物与个人护理品污染的筛查研究

Screening study on the contamination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in Procambarus clarkii

中文关键词:  小龙虾  药物与个人护理品  污染物  非靶向筛查  高分辨质谱法

英文关键词:Procambarus clarkii  pharmaceuticals and personal care products  pollutants  untargeted screening  high resolution mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 对我国主要小龙虾产区不同养殖方式(池塘精养、虾蟹混养、稻田套养及藕虾套养)及小龙虾不同部位(肌肉、内脏、头壳及背壳)中药物与个人护理品(pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs)的暴露种类进行筛查, 并对其蓄积规律进行研究。方法 利用轨道阱高分辨质谱法通过非靶向筛查技术对长江中下游小龙虾样品中PPCPs的种类进行筛查和鉴定。结果 本次收集的样品中共检测筛选出了30种化合物, 其中麻醉药类物质7种、镇痛药类7种、消炎类药物8种, 其余为非常规药品或环境危害物(肠道用药、清洁剂等), 共8种。不同养殖模式的小龙虾体内筛选出的PPCPs种类数量排名为: 池塘精养=虾蟹混养>稻田套养>藕虾套养; 小龙虾各部位的PPCPs种类数量排名为: 肌肉>背壳>内脏>头壳, 可食用部位(虾肉、虾黄)多于外壳部位。结论 不同养殖模式的小龙虾样品中PPCPs的筛选结果在数量上存在一定的差异, 但组成规律上较为相似, 具体为: 都以消炎药为主, 其次为麻醉药和镇痛剂, 最值得关注的物质为氯甲西泮。

英文摘要:

      Objective To screen the exposure types of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPS) in different cultivation methods (intensive cultivation in ponds, mixed cultivation of shrimp and crab, interplanting in rice fields and interplanting with lotus root and shrimp) and different parts of Procambarus clarkii (muscles, viscera, head shell and back shell) in China’s main Procambarus clarkii producing areas, and study their accumulation rules. Methods The species of PPCPs in Procambarus clarkii samples from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were screened and identified by non-targeted screening technology using orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results A total of 30 kinds of compounds were detected and screened out in the collected samples, including 7 kinds of anesthetics, 7 kinds of analgesics, and 8 kinds of anti-inflammatory drugs, and the rest were 8 kinds of unconventional drugs or environmental hazards (intestinal drugs, detergents, etc.). The number and species of PPCPs screened out from Procambarus clarkii of different culture modes were ranked as: Shrimp cultured in pond=shrimp and crab mixed culture>shrimp cultured in rice field>shrimp intercropping with lotus root; the species and quantity of PPCPs in each part of Procambarus clarkii were ranked as muscle>dorsal shell>viscera>head shell, and the edible parts (shrimp meat and shrimp yellow) were more than the shell part. Conclusion There are some differences in the screening results of PPCPs in Procambarus clarkii samples of different cultivation modes in quantity, but the composition rules are similar, specifically: All of them are mainly anti-inflammatory drugs, followed by anesthetics and analgesics, and the most noteworthy substance is clonazepam.