不同人参炮制品的挥发性成分研究

Study on volatile components of different Panax ginseng C.A Meyer processed products

中文关键词:  生晒参  红参  模压红参  挥发性成分  主成分分析  顶空固相微萃取

英文关键词:dried raw ginseng  red ginseng  moulded red ginseng  volatile compounds  principal components analysis  headspace solid-phase microextraction

中文摘要:

      目的 阐明不同人参炮制品中挥发性成分(volatile compounds, VOC)的差异。方法 采用顶空固相微萃取(headspace solid-phase microextraction, HS-SPME)与气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)相结合的分析方法, 测定生晒参(dried raw ginseng, DRG)、红参(red ginseng, RG)、模压红参(moulded red ginseng, MRG)中的挥发性成分含量, 并通过主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)对3种炮制品进行评价。结果 质谱结果鉴定出38种成分, 主要是萜烯类、萜烯醇类和烷烃类。生晒参、红参和模压红参的α-甘香烯、β-人参烯、β-古芸烯、β-合金欢烯、α-新丁香三环烯、β-石竹烯、γ-榄香烯、香树烯等共有峰明显, 也同时存在差异性成分, 如佛术烯、α-马榄烯、喇叭烯、β-花柏烯、杜松醇。主成分分析得分图显示3种炮制品在主成分空间中的分布十分分散, 说明生晒参、红参和模压红参的挥发性成分有差异。结论 3种人参炮制品挥发性成分的物质组成相同, 倍半萜类是其挥发性成分的主要物质。经过加热倍半萜类结构相似的化合物可以相互转化, 具体成分和含量有一定差异。

英文摘要:

      Objective To clarify the differences of volatile components (VOC) in different Panax ginseng C.A Meyer processed products. Methods Therefore, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were applied to detect of VOC in dried raw ginseng (DRG), red ginseng (RG) and moulded red ginseng (MRG), and contrasted differences among samples by principal component analysis (PCA). Results The study had identified 38 kinds of VOC, which were composed of terpenes, terpenols and alkanes. The common peaks of α-elixene, β-panasinsene, β-gurjenene, β-famesene, α-neoclovene, β-caryophellene, γ-elemene, alloaromadendrene in DRG, RG and MRG were obvious, at the same time, there were also different components, including α-maaliene, eremophilene, (+)-ledene, β-chamigrene and cadinol. The score chart of principal component analysis showed that the distribution of 3 kinds of processed products in the principal component space was very scattered, indicating that there were differences in VOC of DRG, RG and MRG. Conclusion The volatile components of 3 kinds of Panax ginseng C.A Meyer processed products are the same, and sesquiterpenes are the main volatile components. After heating, sesquiterpenoids with similar structures can be transformed into each other, and the specific components and contents are different.