细菌中蛋白质样品制备方法研究进展

Research progress on preparation methods of protein samples in bacteria

中文关键词:  菌体蛋白  胞外蛋白  样品制备方法

英文关键词:bacterial protein  extracellular protein  sample preparation method

中文摘要:

      细菌在生长繁殖时, 细菌蛋白的表达受到环境影响而存在较大差异, 使得细菌蛋白表达具有复杂性。在食品生产加工过程中可能会受到致病菌污染, 细菌产生的内毒素和外毒素均会对人体健康构成威胁, 因此需要高灵敏度和高特异性的检测方法来定量分析和鉴定食品中的细菌毒素。蛋白组学方法可以揭示细菌蛋白组成及其潜在的生物学功能, 感染过程中菌体蛋白表达变化和致病机制。其中, 细菌蛋白样品的前处理作为细菌蛋白组学研究的关键步骤, 直接影响鉴定的细菌蛋白质量。本文主要阐述目前细菌蛋白组学研究中菌体蛋白和胞外蛋白样品制备方法及其对蛋白鉴定和定量的影响, 将为更深入地开展细菌蛋白组学研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      The expression of bacterial protein is affected by the environment during growth and reproduction of bacteria, which makes bacterial protein expression complex. In the process of food production and processing, it may be contaminated by pathogenic bacteria. Endotoxin and exotoxin produced by bacteria pose a threat to human health. Therefore, high sensitivity and high specificity detection methods are needed to quantitatively analyze and identify bacterial toxins in food. The composition of bacteria protein and their biological functions can be revealed using proteomics. And proteomics can also be revealed the changes of bacterial protein expression and pathogenic mechanism during infection. The pretreatment of bacterial protein samples is one vita step of bacterial proteomics and it is closely associated with the quality of the identified and quantified proteins. This paper described the preparation methods of bacterial protein and extracellular protein samples, and clarified the influence of those methods on protein identification and quantification. It will provide a reference for further research on bacterial proteomics.