不同运输和选果方式对蓝莓采后品质的影响

Effects of different transportation and fruit selection methods on postharvest quality of Vaccinium corymbosum

中文关键词:  蓝莓  运输  人工挑选  过筛挑选  冷藏期  货架期  果实品质

英文关键词:Vaccinium corymbosum  transportation  artificial selection  sieving selection  cold storage period  shelf life  fruit quality

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨蓝莓的采后贮藏品质与运输和选果方式的关系。方法 以“莱克西”蓝莓为材料, 采用不同运输方式联合选果方法, 通过测定?0.5 ℃贮藏和4 ℃货架贮藏条件下软果率、果霜覆盖指数、花色苷含量、维生素C (vitamin C, VC)含量、可溶性固形物(total soluble solids, TSS)含量、呼吸强度、可滴定酸(titratable acidity, TA)含量、硬度、色差值(ΔE)等指标, 采用主成分分析评价其在不同贮藏温度下的品质变化。结果 公路运输-人工挑选可延缓果实硬度、花色苷、VC含量、TA含量下降, 抑制果实呼吸速率, 保持较好的品质。对贮藏期和货架期的理化指标进行主成分打分, 4个处理组的得分高低排序为: 公路运输-人工挑选>航空运输-人工挑选>公路运输-过筛挑选>航空运输-过筛挑选。结论 蓝莓采后适宜的运输和选果方式为公路运输-人工挑选, 本研究为蓝莓采后保鲜减损技术提供了理论指导。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the relationship between postharvest storage quality and transportation and fruit selection methods of Vaccinium corymbosum. Methods “Lexi” Vaccinium corymbosum was used as material, the different fruit selection methods and different transportation modes were adopted, the postharvest storage quality at different temperature were evaluated using principal component analysis by measuring the soft fruit rate, fruit frost coverage index, anthocyanin content, vitamin C (VC) content, total soluble solids (TSS) content, respiratory intensity, titratable acid (TA) content, hardness and value of chromatism (ΔE). Results Road transportation-artificial selection could significantly delay the decrease of fruit hardness, anthocyanin content, VC and TA content, inhibit fruit respiration rate and maintain good quality. The physical and chemical indexes of storage and shelf life were scored by principal component, the comprehensive scores of different treatments were as follows: Road transportation-artificial selection>air transportation-artificial selection>road transportation-sieving selection>aviation transportation-sieving selection. Conclusion The appropriate transportation and fruit selection methods for postharvest Vaccinium corymbosum are road transportation-artificial selection, this study provides theoretical guidances for postharvest preservation and loss reduction technology of Vaccinium corymbosum.