信阳产地不同茶类抗氧化活性的研究

Study on antioxidant activity of different types of tea in Xinyang region

中文关键词:  不同茶类  生化成分  体内抗氧化  信阳产区

英文关键词:different types of tea  biochemical component  antioxidation in vivo  Xinyang region

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨信阳产地传统茶(信阳毛尖1、2和信阳红1、2)与新试制茶(奇岩、奇白和奇红)的抗氧化活性。方法 通过高效液相色谱仪和紫外分光光度计检测7种茶中6种儿茶素单体、茶多酚等13个指标; 然后利用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)法和糖尿病小鼠模型检测这些茶的体外和体内抗氧化活性。结果 不同茶中所含主要抗氧化成分含量及组成存在差异, 受茶树品种、鲜叶采摘标准、季节和制作工艺等因素综合影响。通过计算7种茶清除DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50)值, 得出抗氧化强弱为绿茶＞乌龙茶＞白茶＞红茶。相关性分析, IC50值与茶多酚、维生素C、儿茶素总量及其6个单体成显著负相关(P<0.05、P<0.01), 与黄酮和没食子酸成极显著正相关(P<0.01)。体内抗氧化检测10个处理中, 信阳毛尖2处理丙二醛(malonaldehyde, MDA)最低, 信阳红2处理MDA最高。信阳毛尖2、奇岩、奇红处理谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)大于患病对照组, 信阳红2处理GSH-Px含量最低(P<0.05), 奇岩处理组GSH-Px最高(P<0.05); 患病对照组的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)在所有处理中最低, 信阳毛尖1、信阳毛尖2、信阳红2和奇白处理大于患病对照组(P<0.05)。结论 不同的茶中生化成分不同, 体内与体外检测存在一定的一致性, 但是茶叶中还有其他抗氧化成分(茶多糖、抗氧化肽等)在生物体中发挥着作用; 不同加工、不同采摘标准等因素导致茶中某种抗氧化成分含量增多, 从保健功效来说, 开发新茶是可行的。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the antioxidant activity of traditional teas (Xinyang maojian 1, 2 and Xinyanghong 1, 2) and new trial teas (Qiyan, Qibai and Qihong) from Xinyang area. Methods Thirteen kinds of chemical constituents including 6 kinds of catechin monomers and tea polyphenols etc. in the 7 kinds of tea samples were detected by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometer, and then 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and diabetic mouse model were used to determine the antioxidant activities of these teas in vitro and in vivo. Results There were some differences in the content and composition of main antioxidant components in different kinds of teas, which were comprehensively affected by tea variety, the standard of fresh leaf harvested, the season, and the production process and so on. By calculating the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the scavenging strength of DPPH radicals for the 7 kinds of teas, it was concluded that the antioxidant strength was green tea>Oolong tea>white tea>black tea. Correlation analysis showed that IC50 values were negatively correlated with tea polyphenols, vitamin C, total catechins and its 6 monomers (P<0.05, P<0.01), and positively correlated with flavonoids and gallic acid (P<0.01). Among the 10 treatments for in vivo antioxidant assay, the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) was the lowest in Xinyang maojian 2 treatment and the highest in Xinyang hong 2 treatment. The content of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in Xinyang maojian 2, Qiyan and Qihong treatments more than that in diseased control group, the lowest level of GSH-Px in Xinyang hong 2 treatment was significantly different (P<0.05) and the highest in Qiyan treatment group was significantly different (P<0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the diseased control group was the lowest among all treatments, and Xinyang maojian 1, Xinyang maojian 2, Xinyang hong 2, and Qibai treatment more than diseased control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The biochemical components in different teas are different, and there is some consistency between in vivo and in vitro assays, but there are other antioxidant components (tea polysaccharides, antioxidant peptides, etc.) in teas that played a role in living organisms; different processing, different harvesting standards, and other factors will lead to increase content of certain antioxidant components in tea, and it is feasible to develop new teas in terms of health benefits.