茶树花黄酮类化合物研究进展

Research progress of flavonoids in tea flower

中文关键词:  茶树花  黄酮类化合物  生理功能  提取  分离  检测技术

英文关键词:tea flower  flavonoids  physiological function  extraction  separation  detection technology

中文摘要:

      在我国悠久的种茶历史中, 茶树花由于具有会与茶叶争夺营养的特点, 常常作为废弃物处理, 导致该资源得不到很好地开发和利用。研究发现, 茶树花成分与茶叶基本相似, 含有丰富的营养活性物质。随着越来越多的学者意识到茶树花的高价值, 有关茶树花营养成分及生理功能的研究逐渐深入开展。茶树花中黄酮类化合物含量高于其他花卉。黄酮类物质具有抗氧化、降血脂、抗菌及抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗炎等生物活性, 可作为制备保健食品或药品的良好原料。目前从茶树花中提取黄酮物质的常用方法有热回流提取法、有机溶剂萃取法、超声和微波辅助萃取法等, 分离纯化方法有柱层析色谱法, 化学成分检测方法常用色谱质谱联用法。本文在分析黄酮类化合物的基本结构和理化性质的基础上, 总结了茶树花黄酮类化合物生理功能, 综述了其提取分离、纯化、检测方法的研究进展, 旨在为大规模开发和利用茶树花黄酮提供技术储备, 为今后深入研究与广泛应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      In the long history of tea planting in China, tea flowers are often treated as waste because of their nutritional competition with tea leaves, so that these resources can not be well developed and utilized. The study has found that the components contained in tea flower are basically similar to tea and they are rich in nutritional active substances. As more and more scholars are aware of the high value of tea flower, the research on its nutritional components and physiological functions is gradually carried out. The content of flavonoids in tea flowers is higher than those in other flowers. Flavonoids have antioxidant, hypolipidemic, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities, as they can be used as good raw materials for the preparation of health food or drugs. At present, the main methods of extracting flavonoids from tea flower are thermal reflux extraction, organic solvent extraction, ultrasonic and microwave assisted extraction, etc. The commonly used separation and purification methods include column chromatography, and the mainly determination method of chemical composition is chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on the analysis of the basic structure and physicochemical properties of flavonoids, this paper summarized the physiological functions of flavonoids from tea flower, and reviewed the research progress of their extraction, separation, purification and detection methods, aiming to provide technical reserves for large-scale development and utilization of flavonoids from tea flower, and provide reference for further research and wide application in the future.