葡萄及其制品中赭曲霉毒素A的污染与控制研究进展

Advances on contamination and control of ochratoxin A in grapes and their products

中文关键词:  赭曲霉毒素A  真菌毒素  葡萄  炭黑曲霉  防控

英文关键词:ochratoxin A  mycotoxin  grape  Aspergillus carbonarius  prevention and control

中文摘要:

      赭曲霉毒素A (ochratoxin A, OTA)是葡萄及其制品中最常见的真菌毒素, 主要由炭黑曲霉产生, 具肾毒性和致癌性。葡萄及其制品中OTA污染普遍存在, 且有超标现象, 需持续关注, 保持警惕。OTA污染程度受产毒菌、环境条件以及加工方式等影响, 其中高温、高湿、虫害等可能造成毒素累积。本文就葡萄及其制品中OTA污染状况和防控技术的最新研究展开综述, 明晰了葡萄及其制品中OTA污染现状及其产生的关键因素, 认清了葡萄在生产加工中OTA污染的关键控制点, 综合分析了OTA毒素污染的防控技术, 提出了今后防控策略研究方向, 为实际生产中采取针对性的控制措施减轻OTA的污染提供理论参考。

英文摘要:

      Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most common mycotoxin in grapes and their products, which is mainly produced by Aspergillus carbonarius. OTA exhibits nephrotoxic and carcinogenic properties. OTA contamination of grapes and their products is widespread, and there are still some samples that exceed the standard limit. Therefore, it is necessary to pay continuous attention to it and keep alert of its potential safety problems. OTA contamination is affected by the mycotoxin producing fungi, environmental conditions and processing methods, among which high temperature, high humidity and insect pests may cause toxin accumulation. This paper summarized the latest research on OTA pollution in grapes and their products and the prevention and control technology, clarified the current situation and key factors of OTA pollution in grapes and their products, and recognized the key control of OTA pollution in grape production and processing, comprehensively analyzed prevention and control techniques of OTA toxin contamination, and proposed the research direction of prevention and control strategies in the future, so as to provide a theoretical reference for taking targeted control measures to reduce the pollution of OTA in actual production.