海南岛近岸贝类中麻痹性毒素污染情况调查研究

Investigation on the paralytic shellfish poisons in bivalves collected from different coastal areas in Hainan Island

中文关键词:  贝类  麻痹性贝类毒素  海南岛  高效液相色谱-串联质谱法

英文关键词:shellfish  paralytic shellfish poisons  HaiNan Island  high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 调查清楚海南岛近岸海域麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisons, PSP)的污染状况。方法 2019年9月至2020年8月期间, 在海南岛近岸海域设立6个采样点, 涵盖海南东西南北不同区域, 采集18种贝类共269份样本, 采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)对来自不同季节不同地域的样本中贝类中的PSP进行测定和分析。结果 海南岛海域的贝类组织中PSP的检出率为15.2%, 测得PSP毒力值低于我国的警戒值(80 μg STXeq/100 g)。贝类中PSP的检出率随季节变化明显, 以冬季最高, 春夏季次之, 秋季最低; 贝类中PSP的污染状况有明显的地域差别, 东方、琼海、儋州、文昌海域的PSP污染状况较严重; 贝类中检出的6种PSP成分分别为漆沟藻毒素2 (gonyautoxins 2, GTX 2)、漆沟藻毒素3 (gonyautoxins 3, GTX 3)、漆沟藻毒素5 (gonyautoxin 5, GTX 5)、石房蛤毒素(saxitoxin, STX)、脱氨甲酰基膝沟藻毒素(decarbamoylgonyautoxins-2, dcGTX 2)和脱氨甲酰基石房哈毒素(decarbamoylsaxitoxin, dcSTX)。结论 海南岛近岸PSP的检出率不高, 污染状况不是很严重, 但还应长期监管, 确保食用安全。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analysis the distribution pattern of paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) along the coast of Hainan Island. Methods From September 2019 to August 2020, an investigation was carried out and 269 shellfish samples belonging to 18 kinds of species were collected in 6 sampling sites which were in northern, southern, easter and western of Hainan. PSP toxicity were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Results The detection rate of PSP in shellfish in Hainan Island was 15.2%. The estimated toxicity of PSP was lower than the public health safety threshold 80 μg STXeq/100 g. The detection rate showed a remarkable seasonal difference, the highest rate was in winter followed by spring and summer, the lower rate was in autumn; the geographical pattern of PSP toxin contamination was also quite obviously, which mainly appeared in the coastal areas of Dongfang, Qionghai, Danzhou, and Wenchang; the shellfish species that were subjected to PSP contamination included 6 kinds of PSP toxins, including gonyautoxins 2 (GTX 2)、gonyautoxins 3 (GTX 3)、gonyautoxins 5 (GTX 5)、saxitoxin (STX)、decarbamoylgonyautoxins 2 (dcGTX 2) and decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX). Conclusion The detection rate of PSP in different coastal areas in Hainan Island is not high, the pollution of bivalves is not serious but also should be supervised for a long time.