黑果腺肋花楸中花青素的提取及其抗氧化活性研究

Optimization of extraction process and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa

中文关键词:  黑果腺肋花楸  花青素  提取  抗氧化活性

英文关键词:Aronia melanocarpa  anthocyanin  extraction  antioxidant activity

中文摘要:

      目的 探究黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取工艺、花青素组成和抗氧化活性。方法 通过单因素实验考察料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度4个因素对黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取率的影响, 并通过正交实验优化花青素提取条件, 探究优化提取花青素工艺。采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(high performance liquid chromatography-diode array method, HPLC-DAD)系统对经大孔树脂纯化后的花青素进行鉴定, 并以维生素C为对照, 测定了1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基清除率和总还原力等指标, 评价了其抗氧化活性。结果 黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取最佳工艺为: 料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度分别为1:40 (g/mL)、65%、30 min和50 ℃, 花青素的平均提取率为7.430 mg/g, 相对标准偏差为1.62%。鉴定出矢车菊-己糖苷二聚体(17.02%)、矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷(39.41%)、矢车菊-3-葡萄糖苷(9.35%)、矢车菊素-3-阿拉伯糖苷(11.21%)、矢车菊-3-木糖苷(15.63%)、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷(4.27%)和矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷(3.11%)共7种花色苷。纯化后花青素的DPPH、羟基自由基清除能力和总还原力显著高于维生素C (P<0.05), 超氧阴离子自由基清除能力略大于维生素C。结论 最佳提取条件下, 花青素的平均提取率可达7.430 mg/g, 经大孔树脂纯化后, 共鉴定出7种花色苷, 其中矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷和矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷为新检出的2种花色苷。所提取花青素具有较强的抗氧化能力, 可作为一种天然抗氧化剂获取来源。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the extraction technology, anthocyanin composition and antioxidant activity of Aronia melanocarpa. Methods The single factor experiment was used to investigate the effects of solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of anthocyanin from Aronia melanocarpa, and the extraction conditions of anthocyanin were optimized by orthogonal test, and the optimal extraction process of anthocyanin was explored. The anthocyanins purified by macroporous resin were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array method (HPLC-DAD) system, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical scavenging rate and total reducing power were used to evaluate its antioxidant activity. Results The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: Solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction time and temperature 1:40 (g/mL), 65%, 30 min and 50 ℃, respectively, and the average extraction rate of anthocyanin was 7.430 mg/g, and the relative standard deviation was 1.62%. Seven kinds of anthocyanins were identified, including yanidin hexoside dimer (17.02%), cyanidin-3-galactoside (39.41%), cyanidin-3-glucoside (9.35%), cyanidin-3-arabinoside (11.21%), cyanidin-3-xyloside (15.63%), cyanidin-3-rutoside (4.27%) and cyanidin-3-sophoroside (3.11%). The DPPH,hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and total reducing power of purified anthocyanin were significantly higher than those of vitamin C (P<0.05), and the scavenging capacity of superoxide anion radical is slightly higher than that of vitamin C. Conclusion Under the optimum extraction conditions, the average extraction rate of anthocyanins can reach 7.430 mg/g. After purification by macroporous resin, 7 kinds of anthocyanins are identified, among which cyanidin -3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-sophoricoside are two newly detected anthocyanins. The extracted anthocyanin has strong antioxidant capacity and can be used as a natural antioxidant source.